Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Microwave effects on isolated chick embryo hearts med./bio.

By: Caddemi A, Tamburello CC, Zanforlin L, Torregrossa MV
Published in: Bioelectromagnetics 1986; 7 (4): 359-367
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Aim of study (acc. to author)

To study the effects of microwaves (pulsed and continuous wave) on the electric activity of hearts as a means of elucidating interactive mechanisms of non-ionizing radiation with cardiac tissue.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: CW
Exposure duration: at least 3 h
Exposure 2: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: AM
Exposure duration: at least 3 h

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Charakteristic
Exposure duration at least 3 h
Modulation
Modulation type CW
Exposure setup
Exposure source
  • tapered open coaxial section
Setup Open coaxial section (inner conductor diameter 7.3 mm, outer conductor diameter 16.1 mm) irradiates the bottom of the petri dish by a rectangular slot cut in the copper plate.
Additional info The whole set-up including MMW generator, modulator, measurement devices, etc. was placed in a Faraday cage.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 3 mW/cm² peak value estimated - -
SAR 0.95 W/kg unspecified calculated - -
Measurement and calculation details

SAR was determined by performing calorimetric tests.

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Charakteristic
Exposure duration at least 3 h
Modulation
Modulation type AM
Modulation frequency 500 mHz–14 Hz
Additional info

Square wave with duty cycles from 0.1 to 0.5.
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 3 mW/cm² peak value estimated - -
SAR 0.95 W/kg unspecified calculated - -

Reference articles

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Time of investigation:
  • before exposure
  • during exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Microwave exposure of isolated chick embryo hearts affects cardiac activity. Continuous wave electromagnetic fields produce a slight bradycardia whereas pulse modulated electromagnetic fields increase heart rate amplitude and can regulize heart rate in cases where either strong arrhythmia or extremely weak activity are evident. The most striking effect of pulse modulated irradiation was a one-to-one locking of cardiac rhythm to modulation frequency (when the modulation frequency was within normal physiological limits).

Study character:

Study funded by

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