Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. 308 studies
  2. 295 studies
  3. 115 studies
  4. 52 studies
  5. 45 studies
  6. 15 studies
  7. 10 studies

Central nervous system

115 studies in total
  1. 83 studies
  2. 30 studies
  3. 3 studies
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Mulligan S et al. 1998 - - - - - magnetic field
Dimberg Y 1995 - - - - - magnetic field
Lee BC et al. 2001 - - - - continuous during gestation period (0 to 19) magnetic field
McDonald KK et al. 2009 - - - - - magnetic field
St-Pierre LS et al. 2003 - - - - - magnetic field, signals/pulses
Li Q et al. 2014 - - 200 Hz - - magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, also other exposures without EMF
Win-Shwe TT et al. 2015 - - 21 kHz - - magnetic field, intermediate frequency, induction cooker
Kang S et al. 2018 - - 0.1–50 Hz - - signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, electric current application
Zheng Y et al. 2021 - - 100–200 Hz - - magnetic field, electric current application, low frequency
Dong L et al. 2021 - - 0.5 Hz - - magnetic field, low frequency