Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jaffe RA et al. | 1983 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley albino, whole body | - | 60 Hz | - | continuous 20 h/day from conception to testing (postnatal days 11-20) | electric field, 50/60 Hz |
| Mulligan S et al. | 1998 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field |
| Dimberg Y | 1995 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field |
| Harry GJ et al. | 2000 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body | - | 60 Hz | - | continuous 18.5 h per day, 7 days a week , from gestational day 0 to postnatal day 20 | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
| Lee BC et al. | 2001 | - | - | - | - | continuous during gestation period (0 to 19) | magnetic field |
| Do Monte-Silva KK et al. | 2007 | animal, rat/ Wistar, partial body: paws | - | - | - | - | signals/pulses, electric current application |
| McDonald KK et al. | 2009 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field |
| Yip YP et al. | 1995 | animal, chicken/White Leghorn, whole body: <i>in ovo</i> | - | 15 Hz | - | continuous for 6 hr | RF field, magnetic field, static magnetic field, MRI |
| St-Pierre LS et al. | 2003 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, signals/pulses |
| Li Q et al. | 2014 | - | - | 200 Hz | - | - | magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, also other exposures without EMF |
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