Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. 308 studies
  2. 295 studies
  3. 115 studies
  4. 52 studies
  5. 45 studies
  6. 15 studies
  7. 10 studies

Central nervous system

115 studies in total
  1. 83 studies
  2. 30 studies
  3. 3 studies
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Besset D et al. 2024 - - - - - RF field
El-Kafoury BMA et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Akefe IO et al. 2023 animal, mouse - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Singh KV et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar - 2,115 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Yucel H et al. 2022 - - - - - 2.45 GHz, RF field
Bas O et al. 2022 - - 900 MHz - - RF field
Tan B et al. 2022 - - - - - 2.45 GHz, microwaves, CW continuous wave
Gülsüm Deniz Ö et al. 2022 animal, rat/Wistar albino (pregnant females and fetuses) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Okur ZH et al. 2021 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Rashidova AM 2021 - - 460 MHz - - microwaves
Kim JH et al. 2021 - - 1,760–1,850 MHz - - RF field
Akakin D et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i> and young animals) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Azimzadeh M et al. 2020 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station
Hong S et al. 2020 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 800–1,900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Keleş Aİ et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, CW continuous wave
Ahmed NA et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar albino (adults and young animal) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, PW pulsed wave
Keleş Aİ et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - - -
DastAmooz S et al. 2018 - - 2.4 GHz - - W-LAN/WiFi, RF field
Zhang JP et al. 2017 animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body - 1.8 GHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field
Ghatei N et al. 2017 animal, mouse/BALB/c (pregnant females and young animal) - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications
Lameth J et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar (adults and pubs), partial body - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, PW pulsed wave
Aslan A et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body cerebellar morphology 900 MHz 0.01 W/kg 1 hour/day for 25 consecutive days mobile communications, mobile phone
Sharma A et al. 2017 - - 10 GHz - - microwaves
Othman H et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino (embryo), whole body mental development and oxidative stress in brain of rat pups 2.45 GHz - 2 hours/day during gestation W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, 2.45 GHz
Sharma A et al. 2017 animal, mouse/Swiss albino (pregnant females) - 10 GHz - - microwaves