Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. 308 studies
  2. 295 studies
  3. 115 studies
  4. 52 studies
  5. 45 studies
  6. 15 studies
  7. 10 studies

Fertility

45 studies in total
  1. 25 studies
  2. 19 studies
  3. 2 studies
  4. one study
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Almášiová V et al. 2021 - - - - - microwaves, 2.45 GHz, PW pulsed wave, microwave pulses
Atasoy HI et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body effects on rat testes (oxidative stress, DNA damage) 2.437 GHz 0.091 W/kg continuous for 24 h/day for 20 weeks W-LAN/WiFi
Brown-Woodman PD et al. 1989 - - 27.12 MHz - intermittent; 1h/day, 5days/week, for 5 weeks RF field, microw. oven/heating device, therapeutic/medical device
Calis P et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure
Carnes KI et al. 1996 animal, mouse/ICR:HD, whole body fetal growth, testicular development 1 MHz 1.5 mW/kg continuous for 8 h on day 9 and/or day 12 of gestation RF field, magnetic field, static magnetic field, MRI
Gildersleeve RP et al. 1987 - - 2.45 GHz 4.03 nW/g during first 12 days of embryogenesis ( egggs rotated every 2h) microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz
Gupta V et al. 2022 - - - - - 2.45 GHz, low level microwaves
Hanci H et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Imai N et al. 2011 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body testicular function 1.95 GHz 0.08–0.4 W/kg continuous for 5 h/day, 7 days/week during 5 weeks mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Jaffar FHF et al. 2022 - - - - - W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure