EMF-Portal | Study overviews

Authors	Year	Study type	Study group	Observation period	Study location	Endpoints	Parameters
Tyagi A et al.	2021	-	men, women, 15–75 years	not stated	India	sleep disturbances, headache, eye strain/itchy eyes, hearing loss/tinnitus, obesity, shortness of temper, decreased attention, musculoskeletal problems, depression, anxiety, discomfort in face to face communication, smartphone addiction	mobile communications, mobile phone
Gomez-Perretta C et al.	2013	cross-sectional study	men, women, 15–81 years	January 2001	Spain	fatigue, irritability, headache, nausea, lack of appetite, depression, lack of concentration, memory loss, skin alterations, visual disturbances, vertigo, vascular alterations, hearing problems, walking difficulty, sleep disturbances	mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, residential
Saxena Y et al.	2014	survey	men, women, 16–22 years	not given	India	sleep efficiency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, sleep latency, daytime dysfunction	mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, personal
Nagarjunakonda S et al.	2017	cross-sectional study	men, women, 16–65 years	2014 - 2015	India	epilepsy	mobile phone, mobile communications, also other exposures without EMF
Suleiman A et al.	2014	survey	men, women, 16–77 years	September 2013	Malaysia	headache, giddiness, loss of memory, diarrhea, mental slowness, reduction in reaction time, depression, mood swing, fatigue, somnolence, vomiting, palpitation, feverish, insomnia	mobile phone base station, mobile communications, residential
Hutter HP et al.	2010	case-control study	men, women, 16–80 years	Nov 2003 - Nov 2004	Austria	tinnitus	mobile communications, mobile phone, personal
İkinci Keleş A et al.	2021	-	men, women, 18–24 years	2019	Turkey	total sleep time, early or late sleep latency, frequent nocturnal awakening and feeling tired upon waking, health problems (e.g., reddening and warming of the ear, reddening and warming in the face, nausea, altered heart rhythm, fainting, short-term hearing loss, inability to focus) and general symptoms (headache, dizziness, lack of concentration, learning difficulty or increased learning, forgetfulness)	mobile phone, mobile communications
Eyvazlou M et al.	2016	cross-sectional study	men, women, 18–28 years	2014	Iran	general health status, somatic symptoms, social dysfunction, anxiety and severe depression, insomnia	mobile phone, mobile communications
Davidson HC et al.	2007	survey	men, women, 18–30 years	not given	United Kingdom	hearing, tinnitus, and balance difficulties	mobile communications, mobile phone, personal
Eicher C et al.	2024	-	men, women, 18–30 years	2017 - 2018	Switzerland	subjective sleep quality, electromagnetic hypersensitivity	mobile communications, mobile phone
Al-Khlaiwi T et al.	2004	-	men, women, 18–42 years	2002 - 2003	Saudi-Arabia	sleep disturbances, fatigue, headache, dizziness, tension	mobile communications, mobile phone, personal
Meo SA et al.	2005	preliminary study	men, women, 18–42 years	2002 - 2004	Saudi-Arabia	hearing and vision complaints: earache, heating around the ear, decreased hearing, decreased or blurred vision	mobile communications, mobile phone, personal
Meo SA et al.	2005	survey	men, women, 18–46 years	not given	Saudi-Arabia	hearing and vision complaints: impaired hearing, ear ache and/or warmth of the ear; decreased vision and/or blurred vision	mobile communications, mobile phone, personal
Thomas S et al.	2008	cross-sectional study	men, women, 18–65 years	January 2005 - August 2006	Germany	headache, neurological symptoms (e.g., tinnitus), cardiovascular symptoms (e.g., tachycardia), concentration problems, fatigue, sleep disturbances	mobile communications, digital mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi, personal
Korpinen LH et al.	2009	survey	men, women, 18–65 years	October 2002	Finland	pain in several joints and back, sleep disturbances, self-reported physical symptoms: headache, earache, warmth sensations, skin symptoms, depression, exhaustion at work, substance addiction, anxiety or fear situations	mobile phone, mobile communications, personal
Alazawi SA	2011	cross-sectional study	men, women, 18–66 years	May - June 2010	Iraq	headaches, fatigue, depressive tendencies, irritability, feeling of discomfort, loss of appetite, nausea, difficulties in concentration, memory loss, visual disturbances, hearing disturbances, dizziness, cardiovascular problems, lowering of libido, nervousness, sleep disturbances	mobile phone base station, mobile communications, residential
Augner C et al.	2009	survey	men, women, 18–67 years	not stated	Austria	electromagnetic hypersensitivity, EMF-health concerns; biological parameters alpha-amylase, cortisol, immunoglobulin A, and substance P	mobile phone base station, mobile communications, residential
Eeftens M et al.	2023	-	men, women, 18–70 years	2019 - 2020	Switzerland and France	cognitive performance, health-related quality of life, sleep duration and quality	mobile communications, mobile phone, cordless phone
Claeson AS et al.	2018	-	men, women, 18–79 years	-	Sweden	electromagnetic hypersensitivity	mobile phone base station, mobile communications, mobile phone, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, PC/TV monitor, energy-saving bulb, EMF general, also other exposures without EMF
van Dongen D et al.	2014	cross-sectional study	men, women, 18–87 years	not stated	Netherlands	self-reported non-specific symptoms (e.g., headache, fatigue, back pain, nausea, dizziness, tingling, palpitation), risk perception of EMF in general and of different EMF sources, attribution of symptoms to possible causes, including EMF	mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, mobile communications, DECT, microw. oven/heating device, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential, personal, also other exposures without EMF
Silva DF et al.	2015	cross-sectional study	men, women, 18–87 years	not stated	Brazil	irritability, anxiety, decreased libido, palpitation, depression, depressive tendency, depressive symptoms	mobile phone, mobile phone base station, mobile communications
Kato Y et al.	2012	survey	men, women, 19–81 years	June - October 2009	Japan	sleep disturbances, 43 symptoms, e.g. headache, fatigue, concentration difficulties, dizziness, stiff nack or back, irritation, anxiety, skin problems	mobile communications, digital mobile phone, mobile phone base station, PHS, cordless phone, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, induction cooker, other domestic appliance, MRI, residential, personal, therapeutic/medical device
Sagiv D et al.	2018	-	men, women, 19–84 years	2014 - 2016	Israel	sudden sensorineural hearing loss	mobile communications, mobile phone
Salama OE et al.	2004	cross-sectional study	men, women, 20–60 years	not stated	Egypt	headache, earache, burning sensation of the face, fatigue, concentration difficulty, sleep disturbances	mobile communications, mobile phone, personal
Chu MK et al.	2011	cross-sectional study	men, women, 21–25 years	2005	Korea	headache	mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications, personal
Szyjkowska A et al.	2014	survey	men, women, 22–44 years	2005	Poland	headaches, dizziness, fatigue, concentration difficulties, memory loss, warmth behind ear/on ear, burning skin	mobile phone, mobile communications
Liu H et al.	2014	cross-sectional study	men, women, 22–60 years	August - September 2011	China	sleep quality and sleep duration	mobile phone, mobile communications, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, personal
Hagström M et al.	2013	survey	men, women, 27–98 years	July 2011 - January 2012	Finland	68 different symptoms, e.g. stress, sleep disorder, fatigue, concentration problems, memory problems, anxiety, muscle tension, skin problems, heart complaints	mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, microw. oven/heating device, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, PC/TV monitor, other domestic appliance, EMF general, residential, personal, also other exposures without EMF
Mohler E et al.	2010	cross-sectional study	men, women, 30–60 years	May 2008	Switzerland	sleep disturbances and daytime sleepiness	mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, TETRA/TETRAPOL, RF field, DECT, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, TV broadcast (VHF/UHF), FM broadcast (UKW), residential, personal
Röösli M et al.	2010	cohort study, prospective cohort study	men, women, 30–60 years	2008, follow-up in 2009	Switzerland	daytime sleepiness, electromagnetic hypersensitivity, headache, tinnitus	mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, Radio/TV transmitter, residential, personal
Frei P et al.	2012	cohort study, prospective cohort study	men, women, 30–60 years	2008, follow-up in 2009	Switzerland	non-specific health symptoms (e.g., headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, lack of energy or concentration) and tinnitus	mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, DECT, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, Radio/TV transmitter, personal
Mohler E et al.	2012	cohort study	men, women, 30–60 years	May 2008, follow-up in May 2009	Switzerland	sleep quality and daytime sleepiness	mobile phone, mobile phone base station, mobile communications, RF field, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, Radio/TV transmitter, residential, personal
Martens AL et al.	2017	cohort study	men, women, 31–65 years	2011 - 2012, follow-up 2013 - 2014	Netherlands	non-specific symptoms (e.g. headaches, dizziness, pain in muscles, fainting, neck pain, back pain, excessive sweating, palpitations, bloated feeling in abdomen, blurred vision, shortness of breath, nausea, pain abdomen, tingling fingers, tight feeling in chest, chest pain), sleep disturbances	mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, Radio/TV transmitter, residential
Martens AL et al.	2018	-	men, women, 31–65 years	2011 - 2012, follow-Up in 2013 and 2014	Netherlands	non-specific somatic symptoms such as headaches, low back pain and dizziness, others	mobile communications, mobile phone base station, Radio/TV transmitter
Tuteja D et al.	2021	-	men, women, 40–73 years	not stated	India	sleep disturbances, cognitive functions and visuospatial ability	mobile communications, mobile phone
Taziki Balajelini MH et al.	2022	-	men, women, children	-	Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Spain und Brazil	hearing impairment	mobile communications, mobile phone
Felix OK et al.	2014	-	men, women, children	not stated	Nigeria	health effects (e.g., headache, loss of appetite), sleep disturbances	mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM
Mortazavi SMJ et al.	2018	-	men, women, children, 11–79 years	not stated	Iran	subjective symptoms (e.g., headache, vertigo, myalgia, palpitation, fatigue, tinnitus, concentration problem, attention problem, nervousness, back pain and toothache), sleep disturbances	mobile communications, mobile phone base station, residential
Schoeni A et al.	2016	cohort study	men, women, children, 12–17 years	2012 - 2013, follow-up 1 year later	Switzerland	headache, tiredness, lack of concentration, exhaustibility, lack of energy and physical ill-being	mobile phone base station, mobile communications, Radio/TV transmitter, residential
Roser K et al.	2016	cohort study	men, women, children, 12–17 years	2012 - 2013, follow-up 2014	Switzerland	behavioral problems (emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems and prosocial behavior) and concentration capacity (homogeneity, power and accuracy)	mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, mobile communications, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, Radio/TV transmitter, residential, personal
Schoeni A et al.	2017	cohort study	men, women, children, 12–17 years	2012 - 2013, follow-up 2013 - 2014	Switzerland	headache, tiredness, lack of concentration, exhaustibility, lack of energy and physical ill-being	mobile phone, UMTS, GSM, mobile phone base station, mobile communications, cordless phone, Radio/TV transmitter, W-LAN/WiFi, personal, residential
Zheng F et al.	2014	cross-sectional study	men, women, children, 12–20 years	not stated	China	inattention	mobile phone, mobile communications, personal
Zaghloul NM et al.	2019	-	men, women, children, 15–64 years	2018	Egypt	headache, vision problems, ear problems, musculo-skeletal problems, psychological troubles, social impact, weight changes, sleep disturbances	mobile communications, mobile phone
Babu MA et al.	2023	survey	men, women, children, 1–30 years	-	Bangladesh	health effects (e.g. headache, poor eyesight, mental health, eating habit)	mobile communications, mobile phone, W-LAN/WiFi, laptop/tablet
Kücer N et al.	2014	survey	men, women, children, 9–80 years	2011	Turkey	headache, vertigo/dizziness, fatigue, forgetfulness, insomnia, tension-anxiety, joint and bone pain, lacrimation of the eyes, hearing loss and tinnitus, insomnia	mobile phone, mobile communications, personal
Schreier N et al.	2006	cross-sectional study	men, women, ≥ 14 years	May - July 2004	Switzerland	sleep disorders, headache, concentration difficulties, nervousness, rheumatism/muscle pain, respiratory problems, dizziness	mobile communications, digital mobile phone, mobile phone base station, cordless phone, Radio/TV transmitter, microw. oven/heating device, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, PC/TV monitor, other domestic appliance, residential, personal, also other exposures without EMF
Navarro EA et al.	2003	preliminary study	men, women, ≥ 15 years	January 2001	Spain	microwave sickness: fatigue, irritability, headache, nausea, appetite loss, insomnia, depression, discomfort, difficulty in concentration, memory loss, skin alterations, visual + auditory dysfunction, dizziness, gait difficulty, cardiovascular alterations	mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, residential
Schüz J et al.	2007	cohort study	men, women, ≥ 18 years	January 1982 - December 1995, followed up through 2003	Denmark	Alzheimer disease, dementia, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, migraine, vertigo	mobile communications, analog mobile phone, digital mobile phone, personal
Eger H et al.	2010	survey	men, women, ≥ 18 years	January 2009	Germany	depression, headache, cerebral symptoms, joint illnesses, infections, skin changes, dizziness, cardiovascular symptoms, disorders of the optical and acoustic sensory systems, nosebleed, hormonal disorders, gain and loss of weight, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, sleep disturbances	mobile communications, mobile phone base station, DECT, residential
Baliatsas C et al.	2011	cross-sectional study	men, women, ≥ 18 years	2006	The Netherlands	non-specific physical symptoms	mobile phone base station, mobile communications, power transmission line, residential

Study overviews

Epidemiological studies on mobile communications

Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints 112 studies in total