Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1690 studies in total
  1. 733 studies
  2. 558 studies
  3. 509 studies
  4. 220 studies
  5. 203 studies
  6. 118 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

558 studies in total
  1. 305 studies
  2. 197 studies
  3. 117 studies
  4. 42 studies

Gene/protein expression (in general) 117 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Zhang Y et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) - 1.8 GHz 2–4 W/kg - GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Shivashankara AR et al. 2015 human - - - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Valbonesi P et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells/rat - 1.8 GHz 2 W/kg - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
de Pomerai DI et al. 2016 - - 1–1.8 GHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Kim JH et al. 2016 - - 835 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Manta AK et al. 2017 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R (wildtype) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Kim JH et al. 2017 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 - 835 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Kuzniar A et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, VH10 (human fibroblasts), U2OS (human osteosarcoma cells) and IB10 (mouse embryonic stem cells) - 50 Hz–5.8 GHz - - UMTS, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, magnetic field
Kim JH et al. 2017 animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body - 835 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Sepehrimanesh M et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Gökçek-Saraç Ç et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar (adults and pubs), partial body - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone, RF field
Bodera P et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF field, co-exposure
Park J et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, HT22 (mouse hippocampus neuronal cells) and SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) - 837–1,950 MHz - - mobile phone, CDMA, W-CDMA, mobile communications, RF field
Ghatei N et al. 2017 animal, mouse/BALB/c (pregnant females and young animal) - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications
Kim JH et al. 2018 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 - 835 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Gökçek-Saraç Ç et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications
Lamkowski A et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, CW continuous wave
Kim JH et al. 2018 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 - 835 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Fragopoulou AF et al. 2018 animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body - 1,800 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Eker ED et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Kumar R et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar - 900–2,450 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, low level microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Stefi AL et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) - - - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Tomruk A et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29 cells) - 1,800–2,600 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, LTE, UMTS, 4G
Qin F et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, primary Leydig cells from C57 mice - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Del Re B et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture - 900 MHz - - GSM, mobile phone, mobile communications
Seymen CM et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar - 2,100 Hz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Lameth J et al. 2020 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (wild type and transgenic hSOD1<sup>G93A</sup>), partial body: head - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Jeong YJ et al. 2020 animal, C57BL/6J mouse - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, W-CDMA, RF field
Kumar R et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar - 900–2,450 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 2.45 GHz, RF field
Tohidi FZ et al. 2021 animal, mouse/BALB/c - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, CDMA, mobile phone
Kim K et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, 3D pigmented human epidermis model - 1.762–28 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 5G, LTE, RF field
Wang Y et al. 2021 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, whole body - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G
Chen C et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, mouse embryonic stem cells, Neuro-2a (mouse neuroblastoma) cells - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field
McNamee JP et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, CW continuous wave
Kim JH et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) - 1,760 MHz - - LTE, mobile communications
Qin F et al. 2021 animal, C57BL/6J mouse - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Ozgur E et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Singh KV et al. 2022 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body - 1,964.7 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Ding Z et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, BALB/c-3T3 cells - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Dasgupta S et al. 2022 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, mobile phone
Gökçen S et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, Caco 2 cells (human colon adenocarcinoma cell line) - 2.5 GHz - - GSM, mobile communications, CW continuous wave, RF field
Kucukbagriacik Y et al. 2022 animal, mouse/Swiss albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Wang H et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar - 1.5 GHz - - mobile communications, microwaves
Vagula M et al. 2013 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Yu G et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, Sertoli cells (rat), animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 2,605 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Qin T et al. 2023 animal, C57BL/6 mouse - - - - 5G, mobile communications, RF field, electric field, signals/pulses, co-exposure
Saka VP et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Oruç S et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 2,600 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, microwaves, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Migdal P et al. 2023 invertebrate, honeybee - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Molina-Montenegro MA et al. 2023 invertebrate, honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) and other pollinators - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station, power transmission line, magnetic field