Mobile phone related articles are
Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tohidi FZ et al. | 2021 | animal, mouse/BALB/c | - | 900–1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM, CDMA, mobile phone |
Koohestanidehaghi Y et al. | 2023 | animal, mouse/NMRI (embryo) | - | 900–1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
Gökçek-Saraç Ç et al. | 2017 | animal, rat/Wistar (adults and pubs), partial body | - | 900–2,100 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone, RF field |
Ozgur E et al. | 2021 | intact cell/cell culture | - | 900–2,100 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM |
Kumar R et al. | 2019 | animal, rat/Wistar | - | 900–2,450 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications, low level microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Kumar R et al. | 2021 | animal, rat/Wistar | - | 900–2,450 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, 2.45 GHz, RF field |
Pacini S et al. | 2002 | intact cell/cell culture, human skin fibroblasts | gene expression, cell morphology | 902.4 MHz | 0.6 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Belyaev IY et al. | 2006 | animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body | DNA strand breaks, changes in chromatin conformation, gene expression | 915 MHz | 0.4 mW/g | continuous for 2 h | GSM, mobile communications, microwaves |
Savchenko L et al. | 2023 | animal, mouse/Swiss Webster | - | 915 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, microwaves |
de Pomerai DI et al. | 2016 | - | - | 1–1.8 GHz | - | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Wang H et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | 1.5 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, microwaves |
Morrissey JJ et al. | 1999 | animal, mouse/BALB/c, partial body: head | expression of c-<i>fos</i> (a proto-oncogene) | 1.6 GHz | 6.42–26.29 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | IRIDIUM, mobile communications |
Czyz J et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture, pluripotent R1 embryonic stem cells, wild-type D3 and p53-deficient; embryonic carcinoma cells of line P19 | gene expression, cell differentiation, cell cycle phase, and proliferation | 1.71 GHz | 0.4–16 W/kg | intermittent, 5/30 min On/Off cycles for 6 or 48 hours | GSM, mobile communications |
Kim JH et al. | 2021 | intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) | - | 1,760 MHz | - | - | LTE, mobile communications |
Kim K et al. | 2020 | intact cell/cell culture, 3D pigmented human epidermis model | - | 1.762–28 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, 5G, LTE, RF field |
Huang TQ et al. | 2008 | intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) | cellular and molecular changes (e.g. DNA damage, gene expression, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression) | 1,762.5 MHz | 2–10 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, for 1, 2, or 3 days | digital mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications |
Huang TQ et al. | 2008 | intact cell/cell culture, HEI-OC1 cells (immortalized mouse auditory hair cells) | cell cycle, DNA damage, stress response, and gene expression | 1,763 MHz | 20 W/kg | continuous for 24 h and 48 h | mobile communications, mobile phone, CDMA |
Zeng Q et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) | protein and gene expression | 1,800 MHz | 2–3.5 W/kg | intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 24 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Zhao R et al. | 2007 | intact cell/cell culture | gene expression | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 24 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Li HW et al. | 2007 | intact cell/cell culture, human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) | proteome changes: protein expression | 1,800 MHz | 1–3.5 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Nittby H et al. | 2008 | animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body | gene expression and gene ontology analysis for cortex and hippocampus | 1,800 MHz | 13–30 mW/kg | continuous for 6 h | mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM |
Nylund R et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, EA.hy926 cells | protein expression | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM |
Gerner C et al. | 2010 | intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells), cultured fibroblasts, quiescent and inflammatory stimulated (by PHA and LPS) primary human white blood cells | protein expression (effects on proteome) | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | 5 min on - 10 min off for 8 hr | mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM, PW pulsed wave |
Nylund R et al. | 2010 | intact cell/cell culture | protein expression | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Zhang Y et al. | 2013 | intact cell/cell culture, human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) | - | 1.8 GHz | 2–4 W/kg | - | GSM, mobile communications, RF field |
Zhijian C et al. | 2013 | intact cell/cell culture, HMy2.CIR (human B-cell lymphoblastoid cells) | protein expression | 1.8 GHz | 2 W/kg | intermittent (5 min fields on/10 min fields off) for 24 hours | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Cervellati F et al. | 2013 | intact cell/cell culture, HTR-8/SVneo (human trophoblast cell line) | connexin, integrin and estrogen receptor expression, cell ultrastructure, localization of estrogen receptor | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, co-exposure |
Ni S et al. | 2013 | intact cell/cell culture, human eye lens epithelial cells (HLE B3) | cell viability, oxidative stress | 1,800 MHz | 2–4 W/kg | intermittent (5 minutes field "on"/10 minutes field "off") for up to 24 hours | GSM, mobile communications, RF field, microwaves |
Valbonesi P et al. | 2014 | intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells (pheochromocytoma cell line from rat adrenal gland) | gene expression and protein expression of Hsp70 and mitogen-activated protein kinase | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 4, 16, and 24 h | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Lu Y et al. | 2014 | intact cell/cell culture, N9 cells (mouse microglial cells) and C8-D1A cells (mouse astrocyte type I cells) | proinflammatory protein expression and gene expression; nitric oxide release; STAT3 activation, activation of microglia and astrocytes | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | intermittent for 1, 3, 6, 12, or 24 hours (5 min on and 10 min off) | mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, PW pulsed wave |
Valbonesi P et al. | 2016 | intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells/rat | - | 1.8 GHz | 2 W/kg | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Manta AK et al. | 2017 | invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R (wildtype) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM |
Woelders H et al. | 2017 | animal, chicken/Leghorn (eggs), whole body | embryonic development | 1.8 GHz | 0.38–0.45 mW/kg | 22 days | mobile communications, GSM, UMTS, TDMA, FDMA, RF field, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi |
Bodera P et al. | 2017 | animal, rat/Wistar | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF field, co-exposure |
Fragopoulou AF et al. | 2018 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field |
Eker ED et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Wistar albino | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM |
Qin F et al. | 2019 | intact cell/cell culture, primary Leydig cells from C57 mice | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF |
Lameth J et al. | 2020 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (wild type and transgenic hSOD1<sup>G93A</sup>), partial body: head | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM |
Chen C et al. | 2021 | intact cell/cell culture, mouse embryonic stem cells, Neuro-2a (mouse neuroblastoma) cells | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM, RF field |
McNamee JP et al. | 2021 | intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Qin F et al. | 2021 | animal, C57BL/6J mouse | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Ding Z et al. | 2022 | intact cell/cell culture, BALB/c-3T3 cells | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, RF field |
Brooks AM et al. | 2024 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley | - | 1.8 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM, RF field |
Tomruk A et al. | 2019 | intact cell/cell culture, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29 cells) | - | 1,800–2,600 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, LTE, UMTS, 4G |
Paparini A et al. | 2008 | animal, mouse/BALB/c/J, whole body | gene expression | 1,805.2 MHz | 0.2–6.05 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves |
Cervellati F et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, HTR-8/SVneo (human trophoblast cell line) | connexin gene expression and protein expression, protein localization and cell ultrastructure | 1,817 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM, PW pulsed wave |
Qutob SS et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, U87MG (human glioblastoma cells) | gene expression | 1.9 GHz | 0.1–10 W/kg | continuous for 4 h | digital mobile phone, mobile communications |
Chauhan V et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) and Mono Mac 6 cells (human monocytes) | gene expression | 1.9 GHz | 1–10 W/kg | intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 6 h | digital mobile phone, mobile communications |
Zhao TY et al. | 2007 | intact cell/cell culture, murine primary neurons and astrocytes cultures | gene expression of apoptosis-associated genes | 1,900 MHz | - | continuous for 2 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves |
Chauhan V et al. | 2007 | intact cell/cell culture, U87MG (human glioblastoma cells); Mono Mac 6 cells (human monocytes) | gene expression | 1.9 GHz | 0.1–10 W/kg | continuous for 24 h | digital mobile phone, mobile communications |
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