Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1693 studies in total
  1. Health
    735 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    560 studies
  3. Brain
    509 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    203 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Health

735 studies in total
  1. Effects on testis/sperms, fertility
    146 studies
  2. Organ parameter
    90 studies
  3. Blood parameter
    85 studies
  4. Behavior
    79 studies
  5. Effects on embryo/fetus
    73 studies
  6. Effects on the auditory system
    61 studies
  7. Heart rate/blood pressure
    58 studies
  8. Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints
    54 studies
  9. Endocrine changes (in general)
    53 studies
  10. Cancer
    47 studies
  11. Effects on the immune system
    33 studies
  12. Effects on skin
    25 studies
  13. Thermoregulation
    25 studies
  14. Endocrine changes (melatonin)
    19 studies
  15. Effects on bones (bone cells)
    16 studies
  16. Effects on eyes
    10 studies
  17. Effects on nerves (not CNS)
    9 studies
  18. Effects on the musculoskeletal system
    4 studies

Effects on testis/sperms, fertility 146 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Adebayo EA et al. 2019 animal, rat/albino - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station
Agarwal A et al. 2008 human semen quality - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, not extractable
Agarwal A et al. 2009 semen samples different sperm parameters (e.g. motility, DNA damage, viability) 850 MHz 1.46 W/kg continuous for 60 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Ahmad L et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Akbari HA et al. 2021 animal, rat/ Wistar - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Al-Ali BM et al. 2013 human erectile function of men - - - mobile phone, mobile communications, not extractable
Al-Damegh MA 2012 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body histopathological alterations in the testis, oxidative stress in blood and testis 900–1,900 MHz 0.9 W/kg continuous for 15, 30 or 60 min/day during 14 days digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, co-exposure
Alkis ME et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Arslan A et al. 2022 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Azadi Oskouyi E et al. 2015 animal, rabbit/New Zealand, whole body - 850–950 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, FM frequency modulation
Azimzadeh M et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station, RF field
Bakacak M et al. 2015 animal, rat/Wistar-Hannover albino, partial body: lower abdomen number of primordial follicles in the rat ovaries 900 MHz 0.018–4 W/kg continuous for 15 minutes/day for 15 days mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Balmori A 2005 animal, White stork (<i>Ciconia ciconia</i>), whole body breeding success 900–1,800 MHz - continuous during all phases of breeding mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Bin-Meferij MM et al. 2015 - - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure
Boga A et al. 2016 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) - - - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Buchner K et al. 2014 animal, pig (German Landrace (sows) and German Landrace x Pietrain (piglets)), whole body fertility of sows and malformation rate of piglets 900 MHz - continuous mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications
Calis P et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure
Celik S et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar-Kyoto, whole body histopathological or ultrastructural changes in the testes 1.8 GHz 1.58 W/kg continuous for 3 months mobile phone, mobile communications
Chavdoula ED et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz - continuous for 6 min./day on 6 days mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM
Chen H et al. 2017 animal, mouse/KM - 935 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Chu KY et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, 5G, W-LAN/WiFi
Dasdag S et al. 1999 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body testicular function, histological changes of different organs 890–915 MHz 0.141 W/kg repeated daily exposure for 2 h/day for 1 month GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Dasdag S et al. 2003 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body testicular function and structure 890–915 MHz 0.52–3.13 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 20 min/day for 1 month GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Dasdag S et al. 2008 animal, rat/Wistar, partial body: head apoptosis in testes 900 MHz 0.57 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, for 10 months digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Davoudi M et al. 2002 human, whole body sperm motility - - 6 h/day for 5 days GSM, mobile communications
De Iuliis GN et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm motility, sperm vitality, sperm density, DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species 1.8 GHz 0.4–27.5 W/kg continuous for 16 hr mobile phone, mobile communications
Demirbağ B et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Ding SS et al. 2018 human - 1,800–2,450 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Dkhil MA et al. 2011 human semen - 850 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Dong VNK et al. 2022 animal, beagle (<i>Canis familiaris</i>) - 1,962–1,966 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Er H et al. 2022 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Er H et al. 2024 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UMTS
Erdemli C et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Erogul O et al. 2006 sperms sperm quality 900 MHz - continuous for 5 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Falzone N et al. 2008 semen samples male fertility 900 MHz 2–5.7 W/kg continuous for 1 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Falzone N et al. 2011 spermatozoa sperm morphology and acrosome reaction 900 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 1 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Falzone N et al. 2010 human spermatozoa pro-apoptosis events in human spermatozoa (e.g. enzyme activity of caspases, externalization of phosphatidylserine, DNA strand breaks and production of reactive oxygen species) 900 MHz 2–5.7 W/kg continuous for 60 min. mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Fasseas MK et al. 2015 invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> 1,780–1,800 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Fatehi D et al. 2018 animal, mouse/NMRI - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Fejes I et al. 2005 human sperm quality - - 15 min/day, 60 min/day, 1 h/day (in standby mode) and 20 h/day (in standby mode); values acquired by interview GSM, mobile communications
Forgacs Z et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, mouse Leydig cell preparation, animal, mouse/NMRI - 1,800 MHz 0.018–0.023 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, PW pulsed wave
Gautam R et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,915 MHz - - mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Gautam R et al. 2024 animal, rat/ Wistar - 2,350 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, LTE
Geronikolou S et al. 2014 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon R (adults and pupae), whole body quantity of oviposition 864.1–868.1 MHz 0.7–5 mW/kg continuous for 20 min/day for 5 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, cordless phone
Gevrek F et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Ghanbari M et al. 2013 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body sperm parameters, antioxidative capacity of blood plasma 915 MHz - 8 hours a day for 14 consecutive days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Gohari FA et al. 2017 animal, mouse, whole body sperm parameters, gene expression related to apoptose 900 MHz - 8 hours/day for 5 days/week (not stated how many weeks) mobile communications, mobile phone, co-exposure
Gorpinchenko I et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm parameter 900–1,800 MHz - intermittent every 10 minutes for 5 hours (standby mode with outgoing calls every 10 minutes) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Gul A et al. 2009 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body effects on ovaries - - 12 h/day during the whole pregnancy; phone in standby mode for 11 hr 45 min, in speech mode for 15 min each day mobile communications, mobile phone, microwaves
Gur FM et al. 2021 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field