Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1690 studies in total
  1. 733 studies
  2. 558 studies
  3. 509 studies
  4. 220 studies
  5. 203 studies
  6. 118 studies

Health

733 studies in total
  1. 144 studies
  2. 90 studies
  3. 85 studies
  4. 79 studies
  5. 73 studies
  6. 61 studies
  7. 58 studies
  8. 54 studies
  9. 53 studies
  10. 47 studies
  11. 33 studies
  12. 25 studies
  13. 25 studies
  14. 19 studies
  15. 16 studies
  16. 10 studies
  17. 9 studies
  18. 4 studies

Endocrine changes (in general) 53 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Shahbazi-Gahrouei D et al. 2012 serum samples - 900 MHz 0.69–1.09 W/kg continuous for 20 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Forgacs Z et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, mouse Leydig cell preparation, animal, mouse/NMRI - 1,800 MHz 0.018–0.023 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, PW pulsed wave
Pawlak K et al. 2014 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Azadi Oskouyi E et al. 2015 animal, rabbit/New Zealand, whole body - 850–950 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, FM frequency modulation
Sehitoglu I et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Song B et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, microwaves
Yuksel M et al. 2016 - - 900–2,450 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Oyewopo AO et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Shahin S et al. 2017 animal, mouse/Swiss albino - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Gevrek F et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Qin F et al. 2018 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Shahabi S et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, CDMA
Adam ANI et al. 2008 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Karadede B et al. 2009 animal, rabbit/New Zealand - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, PW pulsed wave
Shahryar HA et al. 2009 animal, Syrian hamster (<i>Mesocricetus auratus</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Hussien NI et al. 2022 animal, rat/albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Khoshbakht S et al. 2021 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, 4G, LTE, RF field
Jelodar G et al. 2021 - - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station, RF field
Paras SD et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar - 1.9 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Schneider R 2022 human - 800–2,600 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, LTE, shielding/field deprivation
Lin YY et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, TM3 cells (mouse Leydig cell line) - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, microwaves
Geronikolou SA et al. 2023 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS
Yu G et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, Sertoli cells (rat), animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 2,605 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Zufry H et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, 4G, LTE
Bektas H et al. 2024 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, PW pulsed wave
Bouji M et al. 2012 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, partial body: head astrocyte activation (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)), pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (interleukin), stress (corticosterone), emotional memory 900 MHz 6 W/kg continuous for 15 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Braune S et al. 2002 human, partial body: head/right blood pressure; heart rate, hormonal parameters (changes in hormone levels) 900 MHz 0.5–0.84 W/kg continuous for 50 min GSM, mobile communications
Bastide M et al. 2001 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) and chicks, mouse/C57BL/6 j RJ, whole body cancer in mice, hormone levels in chicken and mice, antibody levels in chicken, mortality in chicken embryos 900 MHz - continuous for up to 15 weeks mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, shielding/field deprivation
Koyu A et al. 2005 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body content of TSH and thyroid hormones 900 MHz 2 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks mobile communications
Jin YB et al. 2013 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body different serum hormone levels 848.5 MHz 4 W/kg continuous 45 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 or 8 weeks mobile phone, CDMA, W-CDMA, mobile communications, co-exposure
de Seze R et al. 2001 human, partial body: head (left or right side) effects on nervous system, auditory system, and endocrine system 900 MHz - continuous for 1 h mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM, microwaves
Hamzany Y et al. 2013 human effects on saliva (secretion, oxidative stress, composition) - - mobile phone use of a mean time of 29.6 hours/month during 12.5 years mobile phone, mobile communications
Sepehrimanesh M et al. 2014 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body effects on the reproductive system, reproductive hormone levels 900 MHz 0.19–1.22 W/kg 1 h/day for 30 consecutive days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Kesari KK et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body fertility 900 MHz 0.9 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day for 45 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Djeridane Y et al. 2008 human, partial body: consistent one side of the head hormone levels 900 MHz 0.3 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Mann K et al. 1998 human, partial body: head hormone secretion 900 MHz - continuous for 8 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Eskander EF et al. 2012 human, whole body human hormone profiles 950 MHz - continuous for up to six years (see add. information) mobile communications, digital mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM
Meo SA et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body insulin level in serum, fasting blood glucose level 1,800 MHz - less than 15 min/day for 3 month mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Mortazavi SM et al. 2016 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley insulin level in the blood and histopathological changes of liver and pancreas 900 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 6 hours/day for one week mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Augner C et al. 2010 human, whole body levels of salivary alpha-amylase, immunoglobulin A, and cortisol (as stress and immunological parameters) 900 MHz - five times 50 minutes (five sessions) mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM
Radon K et al. 2001 human, partial body: head levels of salivary melatonin, cortisol, neopterin, and immunoglobulin A 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 4 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Marzook EM et al. 2014 animal, rat/albino oxidative stress and other parameters in the blood 900 MHz - continuous for 24 h/day for 8 weeks mobile phone base station, mobile communications, co-exposure
Prochnow N et al. 2011 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head (brain) release of stress hormones (corticosterone and ACTH), long-term depression, long-term potentiation 2 GHz 2–10 W/kg continuous for 2 h mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Geronikolou SA et al. 2015 human salivary cortisol level - 0.268–102 W/kg continuous for 5 minutes mobile phone, mobile communications
Wenzel C et al. 2002 animal, cow, whole body salivary cortisol levels as indicator of stress 900 MHz–1.8 GHz - continuous GSM, mobile communications
Yamashita H et al. 2010 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, partial body: head serum 17&beta;-estradiol level and estrogenic activity (uterus weight) 1,439 MHz 0.88–6.1 W/kg continuous for 4 hr/day on 3 consecutive days mobile phone, TDMA, mobile communications
Mortazavi S et al. 2009 human, whole body serum concentrations of hormones - - - mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications
Sarookhani MR et al. 2011 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body serum levels of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and cortisol 950 MHz - 2 h/day for two weeks mobile phone, mobile communications
Seyednour R et al. 2011 animal, golden hamster (<i>Mesocricetus auratus</i>), whole body serum progesterone, cortisol and glucose levels 950 MHz - continuous for 3 h/day for 10 or 50/60 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Meo SA et al. 2010 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body serum testosterone content - - continuous for 30 min./day for 3 months mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications