Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Epidemiological studies on power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

528 studies in total
  1. 103 studies
  2. 85 studies
  3. 85 studies
  4. 81 studies
  5. 65 studies
  6. 64 studies
  7. 63 studies
  8. 62 studies
  9. 61 studies
  10. 31 studies
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Wertheimer N et al. 1987 - men, women, 20–69 years - USA brain tumor, breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma, e.g., lung cancer, kidney cancer magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, residential
Erren TC 2001 meta-analysis men, women 1930 - 1993 USA, Canada, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, England, France, Switzerland, Netherlands, China, Taiwan breast cancer in women and men electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, personal
Savitz DA et al. 1995 cohort study men 1950 - 1988 USA leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, male breast cancer, other cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Ballard T et al. 2000 meta-analysis men, women 1950 - 1992 Canada, USA, Finland, UK, Japan leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer and other cancer types, all cancer RF field, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Tynes T et al. 1994 cohort study men 1953 - 1991 Norway leukemia, brain tumor, male breast cancer, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, prostate, kidney, bladder cancer, malignant melanoma electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Feychting M et al. 1998 case-control study men, women, ≥ 16 years 1960 - 1985 Sweden female breast cancer and male breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Forssen UM et al. 2000 case-control study women, ≥ 16 years 1960 - 1985 Sweden breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, PC/TV monitor, occupational, residential
Chen Q et al. 2013 meta-analysis - 1960 - 2002 USA, Sweden, Norway, Canada, Taiwan breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, inhouse wiring, electric blanket, other domestic appliance, occupational, residential, personal
Zhao G et al. 2014 meta-analysis men, women 1960 - 2002 USA, Sweden, Norway, Canada female and male breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, inhouse wiring, electric blanket, other domestic appliance, occupational, residential, personal
Zhang Y et al. 2016 meta-analysis men, women, children 1960 - 2009 USA, Canada, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, France, Italy, Germany, UK, Japan, China, New Zealand, Brazil, Iran leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, other cancer, childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Tynes T et al. 1992 cohort study men, ≥ 20 years 1961 - 1985 Norway leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, male breast cancer, cancer of pleura (mesothelioma), larynx, bladder, colon, stomach, liver and other organs; soft tissue sarkoma, all cancer Radio/TV transmitter, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, 16 2/3 Hz (train), occupational
Schreiber GH et al. 1993 cohort study men, women 1961 - 1987 Netherlands leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, stomach cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer ande other cancer types, all cancer, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, mortality magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, residential
Tynes T et al. 1996 cohort study women 1961 - 1991 Norway breast cancer RF field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Kliukiene J et al. 1999 cohort study women 1961 - 1992 Norway breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Kliukiene J et al. 2003 cohort study women 1961 - 2002 Norway breast cancer RF field, microwaves, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Johansen C et al. 1998 cohort study men, women 1968 - 1993 Denmark leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, female breast cancer and male breast cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, melanoma, and other cancer types, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Johansen C et al. 2007 cohort study men, women 1968 - 2002 Denmark leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Guenel P et al. 1993 cohort study men, women, 20–64 years 1970 - 1987 Denmark leukemia, brain tumor, female breast cancer and male breast cancer, melanoma electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Verkasalo PK et al. 1996 cohort study men, women, ≥ 20 years 1970 - 1989 Finland leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, pancreas cancer, uterus cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer and other cancer types, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Theriault G et al. 1994 case-control study men 1970 - 1989 France and Canada acute nonlymphoid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, brain tumor, male breast cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and other cancer types, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Sun JW et al. 2013 meta-analysis men 1970 - 2002 Sweden, Denmark, Norway France, UK, USA, Korea, Canada male breast cancer Radio/TV transmitter, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, residential
Floderus B et al. 1999 cohort study men, women, ≥ 20 years 1971 - 1984 Sweden leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, male breast cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, pancreas cancer, lung cancer, uterus cancer, melanoma, and other cancer types, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Pollan M et al. 2001 cohort study men, 25–59 years 1971 - 1989 Sweden male breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Nichols L et al. 2005 cohort study men, women 1973 - 2002 UK leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, female breast cancer and male breast cancer, oesophagus cancer, stomach cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer and other cancer types, all cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, suicide and depression, other diseases, mortality magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational
Elliott P et al. 2013 case-control study men, women, 15–74 years 1974 - 2008 UK leukemia, brain tumor and central nervous system cancer, female breast cancer, malignant melanoma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Matanoski GM et al. 1991 cohort study men 1976 - 1980 USA male breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Laden F et al. 2000 cohort study women 1976 - 1996 USA breast cancer electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, personal
Forssen UM et al. 2005 case-control study women, ≥ 15 years 1976 - 1999 Sweden breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Chen C et al. 2010 meta-analysis women, 15–75 years 1976 - 2001 USA, Canada, Norway, and Sweden breast cancer electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, occupational, residential
Beniashvili D et al. 2005 case-control study women 1978 - 2003 Israel breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, other domestic appliance, personal
Beniashvili D et al. 2005 cohort study women, ≥ 60 years 1978 - 2003 Israel breast cancer electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, PC/TV monitor, other domestic appliance, 50/60 Hz, personal
Rosenbaum PF et al. 1994 case-control study men 1979 - 1988 USA male breast cancer radar, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Kliukiene J et al. 2004 case-control study women 1980 - 1996 Norway breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, residential
Fear NT et al. 1996 cohort study men, women 1981 - 1987 England leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, female breast cancer and male breast cancer, cancer of colon, liver and other types of cancer, all cancer electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Coogan PF et al. 1998 case-control study women 1983 - 1986 USA breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, electric blanket, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Demers PA et al. 1991 case-control study men 1983 - 1987 USA male breast cancer RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational
Dosemeci M et al. 1994 cohort study women 1984 - 1989 USA leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer ovary cancer and other cancer types electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Stenlund C et al. 1997 case-control study men 1985 - 1987 Sweden male breast cancer, testicular cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Loomis DP et al. 1994 case-control study women, ≥ 20 years 1985 - 1989 USA breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Loomis DP 1992 case-control study men, ≥ 19 years 1985 - 1989 USA male breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational
Milham S 2004 - men 1985 - 1995 USA male breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Vena JE et al. 1994 case-control study women 1986 - 1991 USA breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, personal
Koeman T et al. 2014 cohort study men, women, 55–69 years 1986 - 2003 the Netherlands Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, myeloid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, brain tumor, breast cancer, lung cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Vena JE et al. 1991 case-control study women, 41–85 years 1987 - 1989 USA breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, personal
Li CY et al. 1997 case-control study men, women, ≥ 15 years 1987 - 1992 Taiwan leukemia, brain tumor, breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Li CY et al. 2003 case-control study men, women, ≥ 15 years 1987 - 1992 Taiwan leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Coogan PF et al. 1996 case-control study women 1988 - 1991 USA breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Milham S et al. 2008 cohort study men, women 1988 - 2007 USA breast cancer, malignant melanoma, thyroid cancer, uterus cancer, and other types of cancer, all cancer magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, inhouse wiring, occupational
Ray R 2007 cohort study women 1989 - 1998 China breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Li W et al. 2013 case-control study women, ≥ 30 years 1989 - 2000 China breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational