Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Epidemiological studies on power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

528 studies in total
  1. 103 studies
  2. 85 studies
  3. 85 studies
  4. 81 studies
  5. 65 studies
  6. 64 studies
  7. 63 studies
  8. 62 studies
  9. 61 studies
  10. 31 studies
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Ahlbom A et al. 2004 case-control study men, 45–70 years 1992 - 1993 Sweden acute myocardial infarction magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Bagheri Hosseinabadi M et al. 2020 cross-sectional study men not stated Iran burnout syndrome and depression; oxidative stress markers (SOD, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde) magnetic field, electric field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Baris D et al. 1990 cohort study men 1970 - 1972, 1979 - 1983 UK suicide and depression electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational
Baris D et al. 1996 cohort study men 1970 - 1988 Canada suicide electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Baris D et al. 1996 cohort study men 1970 - 1988 Canada mortality PW pulsed wave, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Baroncelli P et al. 1986 cohort study men not stated Italy general medical examination, laboratory tests, and tests of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system, and the hemopoietic system electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Beale IL et al. 1997 cross-sectional study men, women, 18–70 years not stated New Zealand psychological and mental health status (somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction, major depression), self-rated general health status over the past 6 months magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Beale IL et al. 2001 cross-sectional study men, women not stated New Zealand health problems magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Berg M et al. 1990 cross-sectional study men, women not stated Sweden facial skin complaints (e.g., itching, burning sensations) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational
Bergdahl J 1995 case-control study men, women, 30–56 years not stated Sweden electromagnetic hypersensitivity, psychological characteristics electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational, personal, also other exposures without EMF
Biering K et al. 2021 - men, women 2019 - 2020 Denmark immediate consequences of electrical shock (e.g., skin marks, unconsciousmess, memory loss) touch current, DC, 50/60 Hz, electric injuries/electrocution, occupational, high voltage, low voltage
Boos SR et al. 1985 case-control study men, women, 19–64 years not stated Sweden eye discomfort, eye diseases (strabism, eye injury, cataract, glaucoma), pathological lens changes, refractive power, use of glasses, intraocular pressure magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational
Broadbent DE et al. 1985 cross-sectional study men not stated UK headache, anxiety, obsessional and somatic symptoms, depression, health status: visits to medical doctor, prescribed and unprescribed medicine electric field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational
Carlsson F et al. 2005 survey men, women November 1999- April 2000 Sweden attribution of annoyance to electrical devices, chemicals and smells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational, personal, also other exposures without EMF
Cooper AR et al. 2009 cohort study men, women 1980 - 1989 USA acute myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia- and atherosclerosis-related deaths magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Davanipour Z et al. 2014 cohort study men, women, ≥ 65 years 1993 - 1994 USA severe cognitive dysfunction magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Eckert EE 1976 - children, newborns, 0–one year 1961 - 1967 Germany sudden infant death electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, 16 2/3 Hz (train), residential
Fadel RA et al. 2006 cross-sectional study children, 0–12 years not stated Egypt growth, carpal bone ossification magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Fazzo L et al. 2009 cohort study men, women 1954 - 2003, follow-up January 1998 - December 2003 Italy leukemia and lymphoma, primary malignant neoplasms, neoplasms of the digestive organs, pancreas, thyroid gland, secondary and unspecified neoplasms, benign neoplasms, neurodegenerative diseases, ischaemic heart diseases, complications of pregnancy, perinatal diseases, disorders of thyroid gland magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Foliart DE et al. 2007 cohort study children, 1–15 years September 1996 - January 2001 USA cytogenetic factors (DNA index, translocation, trisomy, white blood cell count, initial platelet count, mediastinal mass, race) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, residential
Fritschi L et al. 2004 cohort study men, women 1988 - 1999 Australia mortality magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Ghadamgahi M et al. 2016 cross-sectional study children, 10–12 years 2014 Iran working memory function magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation
Grell K et al. 2012 cohort study men, women, children, 0–85 years April 1968 - December 2008 (except 1999) Denmark Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, neurological diseases: migraine, epilepsy, vertigo, peripheral nerve diseases touch current, 50/60 Hz, occupational, personal, electric injuries/electrocution
Hakansson N et al. 2003 cohort study men, women, 15–81 years 1967/1973 - 1996 Sweden acute myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Hosseinabadi MB et al. 2019 cross-sectional study men not stated Iran stress, depression and anxiety, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Huang J et al. 2013 cross-sectional study children, 9–13 years 2011 China neurobehavioral function electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Israel M et al. 2007 case-control study men, women not stated Bulgaria cardiovascular risk factors: arterial blood pressure, lipid profile 2.45 GHz, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF, therapeutic/medical device
Johansen C et al. 1998 cohort study men, ≥ 18 years 1900 - 1993 Denmark amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other neurologic diseases, suicide and depression, mortality magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational, electric injuries/electrocution
Johansen C et al. 2002 cohort study men 1982 - 2000 Denmark cardiac arrhythmia magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Johansson A et al. 2010 cross-sectional study men, women December 2005 - April 2006 Sweden sleep disturbances, dizziness, discomfort, concentration, memory loss, fatigue, headaches, warmth behind/around ear, warmth on ear, burning skin, tingling/tightness, tinnitus, numbness, anxiety, depression, somatization, exhaustion and stress mobile phone, mobile communications, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, other domestic appliance, personal
Järvholm B et al. 2002 cohort study men 1971 - 1992 Sweden suicide electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Khosravipour M et al. 2023 - men 2016 - 2020 Iran levels of the liver enzymes aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, occupational, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Knave B et al. 1979 case-control study men 1974 - 1976 Sweden health status: examination of the nervous system (neurasthenic symptoms, psychological tests, EEG), the cardiovascular system (symptoms, blood pressure, ECG), and the blood (hemoglobin, red blood cells, reticulocytes, white blood cells, thrombocytes, sedimentation rate). electric field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Koeman T et al. 2013 cohort study men, women, 55–69 years 1986, followed-up until 1996 The Netherlands total cardiovascular diseases, ischaemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, subacute and chronic ischaemic heart diseases, other cardiac diseases, arrhythmias, atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular disease magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Kouwenhoven WB et al. 1967 - men, 30–47 years 1962 - 1966 USA health status electric field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational
Li CY et al. 2002 case-control study men, women, ≥ 65 years 1993 - 1997 Taiwan cognitive impairment magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational, residential
Li DK et al. 2011 cohort study, prospective cohort study children, children in utero, 0–13 years 1996 - August 2010 USA asthma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Li DK et al. 2012 cohort study children, children in utero, 0–13 years 1996 - August 2010 USA childhood obesity magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Li DK et al. 2020 cohort study men, women, children, children in utero, 0–20 years 1997 - 2017 USA attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), immun-related comorbidities of asthma or atopic dermatitis magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, intermediate frequency, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, low frequency, personal, residential
Li L et al. 2014 - men, women, 23–50 years not stated China neurobehavior: memory recognition accuracy, visual discrimination, short-term memory, cognitive performance magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational
Li L et al. 2015 cross-sectional study men, women, ≥ 18 years not stated China oxidative stress: plasma total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase activity, superoxide dismutase enyzme activity, plasma malondialdehyde concentration, micronucleus cell frequency and micronuclei frequency magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational
McDowall ME 1986 cross-sectional study men, women 1971 - 1983 UK mortality magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, residential
McMahan S et al. 1995 survey women, 20–80 years 1992 USA headache, migraine, poor appetite, difficulty in concentration, getting going, sleep disturbances, worry about power lines magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
McMahan S et al. 1994 cross-sectional study women 1992 USA depressive symptoms magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Mezei G et al. 2005 case-control study men, women 1986 - 1993 USA mortality magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Milham Jr S 1985 cohort study men, ≥ 20 years 1950 - 1982 USA mortality electric field, magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Moen BE et al. 1996 cohort study men 1986 - 1991 Norway musculoskeletal disorders magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, occupational
Moen BE et al. 1995 cohort study men 1986 - 1991 Norway pain and discomfort from the arms, neck, shoulders, back, hips, and legs magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, occupational
Monazzam MR et al. 2014 - men not stated Iran sleep quality, health status magnetic field, electrical substation, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Moslemi S et al. 2023 - men 2018 - 2020 Iran blood parameters (e.g., red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit) and liver enzymes (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) magnetic field, low frequency, electrical substation, 50/60 Hz, electric field, occupational