Patient safety and electromagnetic protection: a review review

Endpoint

• dosimetry/technology: electromagnetic interferences, transmission effectiveness
• implants/medical devices: medical equipment; implanted pacemakers, defibrillators, and brain stimulator
• guidelines/safety: patient safety

Exposure

• • RF field
• • CDMA
  • TDMA
  • therapeutic/medical device
  • Radio/TV transmitter
  • TV broadcast (VHF/UHF)
  • mobile communications
  • mobile phone
  • GSM
  • UMTS
  • TETRA/TETRAPOL
  • PHS
  • D-AMPS
  • Bluetooth
  • DECT
  • W-LAN/WiFi