Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| St-Pierre LS et al. | 2008 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field |
| Whissell PD et al. | 2009 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses |
| Jiang ML et al. | 2004 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body: <i>in utero</i> | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, MRI |
| Hoyer C et al. | 2012 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6J | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, MRI |
| Ball RE et al. | 2016 | animal, embryos of thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>), whole body | - | 1–2 Hz | - | - | low frequency, electric current application |
| Albert L et al. | 2022 | animal, thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>) | - | 50 Hz | - | - | magnetic field, static magnetic field |
| Acikgoz B et al. | 2022 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| Hosseini E et al. | 2022 | animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>), whole body | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
| Li D et al. | 2017 | - | - | - | - | - | MRI |
| Sakhnini L et al. | 2014 | animal, mouse/BALB/c | - | - | - | - | 50/60 Hz, magnetic field |
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