Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tüfekci KK et al. | 2025 | animal, rat/ Wistar albino | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, RF |
| Deena K et al. | 2025 | intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line), animal, chicken embryos (eggs) | - | 2.4 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF |
| Kim JH et al. | 2024 | animal, mouse/ICR | - | 1,850 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, RF |
| Azimzadeh M et al. | 2024 | animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>) | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| Besset D et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | RF |
| El-Kafoury BMA et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | - | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| Akefe IO et al. | 2023 | animal, mouse | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| Singh KV et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | 2,115 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Yucel H et al. | 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, RF |
| Bas O et al. | 2022 | - | - | 900 MHz | - | - | RF |
| Tan B et al. | 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, microwaves, CW continuous wave |
| Gülsüm Deniz Ö et al. | 2022 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (pregnant females and fetuses) | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| Okur ZH et al. | 2021 | animal, rat/ Wistar albino | - | - | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Rashidova AM | 2021 | - | - | 460 MHz | - | - | microwaves |
| Kim JH et al. | 2021 | - | - | 1,760–1,850 MHz | - | - | RF |
| Akakin D et al. | 2021 | animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i> and young animals) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Azimzadeh M et al. | 2020 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone base station |
| Hong S et al. | 2020 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 800–1,900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Keleş Aİ et al. | 2019 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF, CW continuous wave |
| Ahmed NA et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (adults and young animal) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, PW pulsed wave |
| Keleş Aİ et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | - |
| DastAmooz S et al. | 2018 | - | - | 2.4 GHz | - | - | W-LAN/WiFi, RF |
| Zhang JP et al. | 2017 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body | - | 1.8 GHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications, RF |
| Ghatei N et al. | 2017 | animal, mouse/BALB/c (pregnant females and young animal) | - | 900–1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications |
| Lameth J et al. | 2017 | animal, rat/Wistar (adults and pubs), partial body | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, PW pulsed wave |
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