Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    295 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Central nervous system

115 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    83 studies
  2. Low frequency
    30 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    3 studies

Radio frequency 83 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Razavinasab M et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body electrophysiological changes of pyramidal cells, learning and memory 900 MHz 0.3–0.9 W/kg 6 h/day during gestation mobile phone, mobile communications
Sahin A et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body - 900 MHz 0.024 W/kg - mobile phone, mobile communications
Saikhedkar N et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body structure and function of the rat brain and oxidative stress 900 MHz 0.99 W/kg continuous for 4 h/day for 15 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Sharma A et al. 2017 animal, mouse/Swiss albino (pregnant females) - 10 GHz - - microwaves
Sharma A et al. 2017 - - 10 GHz - - microwaves
Singh KV et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar - 2,115 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Tan B et al. 2022 - - - - - 2.45 GHz, microwaves, CW continuous wave
Ushiyama A et al. 2007 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley effects on blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability 1.5 GHz 0.5–10.4 W/kg continuous for 30 min PDC, TDMA, mobile communications
Watilliaux A et al. 2011 animal, rat/Wistar, partial body: head (mainly) stress reaction and glial activation in the immature brain 1,800 MHz 0.13–2.5 W/kg continuous for 2 h on postnatal day 5, 15 or 35 GSM, mobile communications
Xu F et al. 2016 - - 1,800 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications