Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

884 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    313 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    49 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

313 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    151 studies
  2. Low frequency
    117 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    59 studies

DC and static fields 59 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
He J et al. 2023 invertebrate, rose aphid (<i>Macrosiphum rosae</i>) - - - - static magnetic field
Laurien M et al. 2024 animal, juvenile herring - - - - geomagnetic field, static magnetic field, DC, shielding/field deprivation
Bertrand S et al. 2024 - - - - - tDCS, DC, electric current application
Tadres D et al. 2025 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (larvae) - - - - DC, static electric field, co-exposure
Ahmed WH et al. 2025 invertebrate, larvae of black cutworm (<i>Agrotis ipsilon</i>) - - - - static magnetic field
Fuxjager MJ et al. 2011 animal, sea turtle/loggerhead (<i>Caretta caretta</i>) - 0 Hz - continuous for 8 min static magnetic field, geomagnetic field, DC
Formicki K et al. 1997 animal, trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> L.) and rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> Walb.) (embryo) - - - continuous for about 2 weeks static magnetic field, geomagnetic field
Dong L et al. 2022 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body oxidative stress in the spleen of mice, ultrastructural changes in the spleen of mice - - continuously for 21 days static electric field, high-voltage direct current (HVDC)
Todorovic D et al. 2013 animal, mealworm beetle (<i>Tenebrio obscursus</i> and <i> Tenebrio molitor</i>), whole body pupae-adult development, motor activity 0 Hz - during development from pupa to eclosion and 24 h after eclosion static magnetic field, DC