Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    297 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

297 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  2. Low frequency
    110 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    55 studies

Low frequency 110 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Ozturk H et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - - - - magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Li Y et al. 2022 invertebrate, honeybee (<i>Apis cerana</i>) - - - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Shakina LA et al. 2018 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (eggs) - 0 Hz–36.94 GHz - - millimeter waves, static magnetic field
Bryan YF et al. 2006 - - - - - MRI
Şenol N et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - - - - 50/60 Hz, electric field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Guo Y et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Nassisi V et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) larvae - 0 Hz–900 MHz - - UHF fields, RF field, static magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency
Tahir E et al. 2024 - - - - - 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi, microwaves
Krzystolik J et al. 2024 - - - - - power transmission line, electrical substation, magnetic field
Taormina B et al. 2019 invertebrate, European lobster (<i>Homarus gammarus</i>), whole body avoidance/attraction test and a test for exploratory and shelter seeking behavior - - 1 week (unclear whether animals were also exposed during test) (test for exploratory and shelter seeking behavior) and 45 minutes (avoidance/attraction test) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, underground cable