Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    297 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

297 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  2. Low frequency
    110 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    55 studies

Low frequency 110 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Otaka Y et al. 2002 animal, mouse/B6C3F1 (F1 generation from male C3H/HeJ and female C57BL/6J mice), whole body tumor incidence 50 Hz - (females) 2 and (males) 9 weeks magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Lee Jr JM et al. 1995 animal, sheep/Suffolk, whole body - 60 Hz - - electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Fitzsimmons RJ et al. 1986 - - 10 Hz - - electric field, low frequency
Wilmot JJ et al. 1993 - - - - - signals/pulses, electrotherapy
Salti R et al. 2006 - - - - - magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, not extractable
Whissell PD et al. 2007 - - - - - magnetic field
St-Pierre LS et al. 2008 - - - - - magnetic field
Bellieni CV et al. 2008 - - - - - therapeutic/medical device
Hinsenkamp MG et al. 1982 - - - - - electric field
Vadeyar SH et al. 2000 human, whole body: embryo <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI
Machata AM et al. 2009 human - - 0.3–3.9 W/kg - MRI
Skarja M et al. 2009 - - - - - electric field
Kubinyi G et al. 1998 animal, mouse/CFLP (embryos and adults), whole body - 50 Hz - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Magin RL et al. 2000 animal, mouse/ICR:HD, whole body - 170 MHz 0.2 W/kg - MRI, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Poutamo J et al. 1998 human, whole body: embryo <i>in utero</i> - - 1.2–3.8 W/kg - MRI
Bellieni CV et al. 2012 human, whole body melatonin production 50 Hz - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, therapeutic/medical device
Emes Y et al. 2013 - - - - - magnetic field, signals/pulses
Postner M et al. 1995 - - - - - electric field
Lo C et al. 2014 - - - - - MRI
Ushiyama A et al. 2014 - - 21 kHz - - magnetic field, intermediate frequency
Majidian Eydgahi S et al. 2015 animal, chicken/Ross (egg), whole body - - - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Cawley P et al. 2016 - - - - - RF field, MRI
Passi R et al. 2017 - - - - - magnetic field, therapeutic/medical device
Wiltschko W et al. 2007 animal, chicken - 0 Hz–1.566 MHz - - geomagnetic field, intermediate frequency, static magnetic field, co-exposure
Myklatun A et al. 2018 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) and medaka - 0–1 Hz - - geomagnetic field, magnetic field