Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    295 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

295 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    143 studies
  2. Low frequency
    109 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    55 studies

Radio frequency 143 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Nik Abdull Halim NMH et al. 2024 invertebrate, yellow fever mosquito (<i>Aedes aegypti</i>) (eggs) - 900 MHz–18 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, millimeter waves, RF field
Tripathi R et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 1,760 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Tüfekci KK et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Nassisi V et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) larvae - 0 Hz–900 MHz - - UHF fields, RF field, static magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency
Kilic A et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar albino (adults and young animal) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Chang YW et al. 2023 - - - - - microwaves, microw. oven/heating device, 2.45 GHz
Bozok S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
De Paepe S et al. 2023 - - 5.4 GHz - - RF field
Sarapultseva EI et al. 2023 - - 900 MHz - - RF field
Salameh M et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryos and newborns) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Yenilmez F 2022 animal, chicken/Ross (egg) - 800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Galal FH et al. 2022 invertebrate, mosquito (<i>Culex pipiens</i>) - 900–1,900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, 4G, mobile phone
Yan S et al. 2022 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J - 2 GHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Cantürk Tan F et al. 2022 - - - - - RF field, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz
Tümkaya L et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Tripathi R et al. 2022 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 1,760 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
D'Silva MH et al. 2021 animal, hen eggs (<i>Gallus domesticus</i> ) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS
Holovska K et al. 2021 - - - - - 2.45 GHz, microwaves, PW pulsed wave
Mohammadi B et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar - 50 Hz–900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Vargová B et al. 2021 invertebrate - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Lerchl A et al. 2020 animal, mouse/C3H/HeNCrl x C57Bl/6N - 1,960 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UMTS, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Üstündağ ÜV et al. 2020 - - 15–3,000 MHz - - RF field
Habauzit D et al. 2020 - - 94 GHz - - millimeter waves
Bosquillon de Jenlis A et al. 2020 - - 900 MHz - - RF field, CW continuous wave, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Smith-Roe SL et al. 2020 animal, mouse/B6C3F1/N, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–1,900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, CDMA, mobile phone