Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    297 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

297 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  2. Low frequency
    110 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    55 studies

Radio frequency 144 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Salameh M et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryos and newborns) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Galal FH et al. 2022 invertebrate, mosquito (<i>Culex pipiens</i>) - 900–1,900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, 4G, mobile phone
Smith-Roe SL et al. 2020 animal, mouse/B6C3F1/N, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–1,900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, CDMA, mobile phone
Budak GG et al. 2009 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, PW pulsed wave
Anderson LE et al. 2004 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body, partial body: head (from day 35 of age through 2 years) cancer 1.62 GHz 0.06–1.6 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, for about 27 days mobile communications, IRIDIUM
Masuda H et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 1,457 MHz - - mobile communications, PDC, microwaves
Misek J et al. 2018 human, partial body - 1,788 MHz - - mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Kulaber A et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Shojaeifard MB et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar - - - - mobile communications, RF field
Bozok S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field