Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

843 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    298 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

DC and static fields 38 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Neurath PW 1968 animal, frog (<i>Rana pipiens</i>) - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Orlov OI et al. 2020 animal, Japanese quail embryos - - - - geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Popova E et al. 2011 animal, mouse and rat embryos - 500 kHz - 30 minutes intermediate frequency, signals/pulses, electric current application, DC
Ruggiero M et al. 2004 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 0 Hz - continuous for 3 h static magnetic field, MRI
Sikov MR et al. 1979 animal, mouse/Swiss Webster - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, DC
Sun W et al. 2019 animal, Japanese rice fish (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>) (embryo) - - - - static magnetic field
Tang LS et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos and larvae (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Tyler SE et al. 2006 invertebrate, slipper limpet (<i>Crepidula fornicata</i>) (embryos) - - - - static magnetic field
Ueno S et al. 1990 animal, african clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Ueno S et al. 1994 animal, african clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Ueno S et al. 1984 animal, <i>Xenopus laevis</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, DC
Valles Jr JM et al. 2002 animal, fertilized eggs of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Zahedi Y et al. 2014 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, MRI