Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    295 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

DC and static fields 38 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Chew S et al. 2001 animal, CBA/C57 F1 mouse, whole body: in utero - 0 Hz 3–7 µW/g continuous static magnetic field, MRI
Jove M et al. 1999 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - continuous for 15 days static magnetic field, DC
Herrid M et al. 1998 animal, mouse embryos - - - - static electric field
Denegre JM et al. 1998 animal, eggs of the frog <i>Xenopus</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Formicki K et al. 1998 animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) and trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) - - - from fertilization until hatching DC, static magnetic field
Espinar A et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 0 Hz - continuous for 1 day (day six of incubation) static magnetic field
Levin M et al. 1997 animal, sea urchin (<i>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</i> and <i>Lytechinus pictus</i>) (embryo), whole body - 0 Hz - up to 94 h static magnetic field, DC
Narra VR et al. 1996 animal, mouse/Swiss Webster, whole body - 0 Hz - 30 min static magnetic field, DC
Ueno S et al. 1994 animal, african clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Murakami J et al. 1992 animal, mouse/CD-1 (embryo), partial body: <i>in utero</i> - 0 Hz - repeated daily exposure of 1 hr from day 7 to day 14 of gestation static magnetic field