Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kamel NF et al. | 2022 | animal, Japanese quail eggs | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field |
Tang LS et al. | 2023 | animal, zebrafish embryos and larvae (<i>Danio rerio</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, MRI |
Brysiewicz A et al. | 2017 | animal, vendace (<i>Coregonus albula</i> L.) and European whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i>) (embryos and larvae) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field |
Narra VR et al. | 1996 | animal, mouse/Swiss Webster, whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | 30 min | static magnetic field, DC |
Popova E et al. | 2011 | animal, mouse and rat embryos | - | 500 kHz | - | 30 minutes | intermediate frequency, signals/pulses, electric current application, DC |
Chew S et al. | 2001 | animal, CBA/C57 F1 mouse, whole body: in utero | - | 0 Hz | 3–7 µW/g | continuous | static magnetic field, MRI |
Espinar A et al. | 1997 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | continuous for 1 day (day six of incubation) | static magnetic field |
Jove M et al. | 1999 | animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body: <i>in ovo</i> | - | 0 Hz | - | continuous for 15 days | static magnetic field, DC |
Mietchen D et al. | 2005 | animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</I>) (eggs) | - | - | - | continuous for 15, 29, 42, 63, and 76 min | static magnetic field |
Ruggiero M et al. | 2004 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | continuous for 3 h | static magnetic field, MRI |
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