Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

843 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    298 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 156 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Tyndall DA et al. 1991 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - 64 MHz - continuous for 36 min. on gestational day 7 MRI
Ubeda A et al. 1994 - - 100 Hz - 48 hrs magnetic field, low frequency
Ubeda A et al. 1983 - - 100 Hz - continuous for 48 hrs magnetic field, signals/pulses
Veicsteinas A et al. 1996 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body - 50 Hz - - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Wang Y et al. 2016 human, whole body - - - - MRI
Wiley MJ et al. 1992 - - 20 kHz - - magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, intermediate frequency
Winnicki A et al. 2004 animal, fish/pike (<i>Esox lucius</i>) (eggs) embryonic motorics 50 Hz - continuous for 30 min magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Yip YP et al. 1994 animal, chicken/White Leghorn, whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 15–200 Hz - continuous for 6 h MRI
Youbicier-Simo BJ et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) and chickens after hatching, whole body - 50–80 Hz - continuous for 47 days magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor
Yu MC et al. 1993 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo and adult) - 60 Hz - continuous, 23h/d for 18d to 40d 50/60 Hz