Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

843 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    298 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 156 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Wang Y et al. 2016 human, whole body - - - - MRI
Pais-Roldan P et al. 2016 animal, zebrafish embryos and larvae - - - - static magnetic field, DC, MRI
Kantarcioglu E et al. 2018 animal, chicken/Super Nick (egg) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Liu C et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Ossenkopp KP et al. 1972 - - 500 mHz - continuous for about 22 or 3 days magnetic field, low frequency
Dupont MJ et al. 2004 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body effects on neurons and glia cells 500 mHz - continuous for 9 days ( 2 days befor and 7 days after birth) magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses
Pagnac C et al. 1998 invertebrate, sea urchin (<i>Sphaerechinus granularis</i> and <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i>) (embryo), whole body - 0 Hz - up to 150 min 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, static magnetic field
Prasad N et al. 1990 animal, embryos of <i>Rana pipiens</i> (Northern leopard frog), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - 1 hr RF field, static magnetic field, MRI
Joshi MV et al. 1978 - - 0 Hz - 1 hr magnetic field
Severini M et al. 2009 animal, African clawed frog tadpoles (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>), whole body tadpole development 0–50 Hz - not reported, probably during the whole development magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz