Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    297 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 156 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Zervins A 1973 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body - 26 kHz - repeated daily exposure, 23h/day for 19 d 50/60 Hz, intermediate frequency
Kim SH et al. 2004 - - 20 kHz - repeated daily exposure, 8 h/d, from Day 2.5 to 15.5 of gestation. magnetic field, intermediate frequency
Bellossi A 1992 - - - - repeated exposure, 30 min/day, on 2 non-consecutive days/week, lifelong magnetic field, signals/pulses, therapeutic/medical device
Pafkova H et al. 1994 animal, chicken (embryo), whole body - 50 Hz - see remark* 50/60 Hz, therapeutic/medical device
Pagnac C et al. 1998 invertebrate, sea urchin (<i>Sphaerechinus granularis</i> and <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i>) (embryo), whole body - 0 Hz - up to 150 min 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, static magnetic field
Krylov VV 2010 invertebrate, <i>Daphnia magna</i> Straus (great water flea) embryogenesis, developmental stages, morphometric and production characteristics of adult females that developed from the exposed eggs; survival rate 45–500 Hz - up to 43.70 h magnetic field, low frequency