Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

843 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    298 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Radio frequency 134 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Amandokht Saghezchi S et al. 2019 - - 2.4 GHz - - RF field
Dasgupta S et al. 2020 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, 5G, LTE
Haghani M et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF field, PW pulsed wave
Keleş Aİ 2020 - - 900 MHz - - RF field
Keleş Aİ et al. 2021 - - 900 MHz - - RF field
Sahmelikoglu AG et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, shielding/field deprivation
Andrašková S et al. 2022 - - - - - microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Sabban IF et al. 2018 animal, rat/ Wistar - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Tomruk A et al. 2022 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone
Dsilva MH et al. 2022 animal, hen (<i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i>) (eggs) - 1,800–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Sahingöz Yildirim AG et al. 2022 - - 10.715 GHz - - microwaves
Balik MS et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryos and newborns) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, microwaves
Ingole IV et al. 2012 animal, hen eggs (<i>Gallus domesticus</i> ) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Vagula M et al. 2013 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Liu C et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Augustianath T et al. 2023 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) - 900–1,800 MHz - - 4G, GSM, mobile communications, mobile phone
Pecoraro R et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 27 GHz - - 5G, mobile communications
DastAmooz S et al. 2023 - - 2.4 GHz - - W-LAN/WiFi
Wu H et al. 2023 - - - - - W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, 2.45 GHz
Islam MS et al. 2023 animal, chicken eggs (Indian River) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G
Song X et al. 2023 - - 2.52 THz - - TeraHz
Bodin R et al. 2023 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (pregnant) - 3,500 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G, RF field, CW continuous wave
Bektas H et al. 2021 human - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Salameh M et al. 2023 - - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Khayat S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field