Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. 308 studies
  2. 297 studies
  3. 115 studies
  4. 52 studies
  5. 45 studies
  6. 15 studies
  7. 10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. 156 studies
  2. 134 studies
  3. 38 studies
  4. 2 studies
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Zhang Y et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar (pregnant females and fetuses) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
D'Silva MH et al. 2017 animal, chicken embryos/Gallus domesticus (eggs) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UHF fields
Kantarcioglu E et al. 2018 animal, chicken/Super Nick (egg) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Pawlak K et al. 2018 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Alimohammadi I et al. 2018 animal, mouse/NMRI (pregnant females) - 915 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, co-exposure
Amandokht Saghezchi S et al. 2019 - - 2.4 GHz - - RF field
Dasgupta S et al. 2020 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, 5G, LTE
Haghani M et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF field, PW pulsed wave
Keleş Aİ 2020 - - 900 MHz - - RF field
Keleş Aİ et al. 2021 - - 900 MHz - - RF field