Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. 308 studies
  2. 297 studies
  3. 115 studies
  4. 52 studies
  5. 45 studies
  6. 15 studies
  7. 10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. 156 studies
  2. 134 studies
  3. 38 studies
  4. 2 studies
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Keleş Aİ et al. 2021 - - 900 MHz - - RF field
Andrašková S et al. 2022 - - - - - microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Sahingöz Yildirim AG et al. 2022 - - 10.715 GHz - - microwaves
DastAmooz S et al. 2023 - - 2.4 GHz - - W-LAN/WiFi
Wu H et al. 2023 - - - - - W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, 2.45 GHz
Song X et al. 2023 - - 2.52 THz - - TeraHz
Salameh M et al. 2023 - - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Karadayi A et al. 2024 - - - - - CW continuous wave, W-LAN/WiFi, microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Boga A et al. 2016 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) - - - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Boga A et al. 2014 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), whole body embryonic development of the African clawed frog 900 MHz 1 W/kg continuous for 4, 6 or 8 h GSM, mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure