Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Epidemiological studies on power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

528 studies in total
  1. Childhood leukemia
    103 studies
  2. Other
    85 studies
  3. Leukemia/lymphoma
    85 studies
  4. Brain cancer
    81 studies
  5. Breast cancer
    65 studies
  6. Neurodegenerative diseases
    64 studies
  7. Other types of cancer
    63 studies
  8. Other types of childhood cancer
    62 studies
  9. Reproductive/pregnancy effects
    61 studies
  10. Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints
    31 studies

Other types of cancer 63 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Jackson JD 1992 - men, women, children 1969 - 1986 USA leukemia, lung cancer, all cancer, childhood leukemia electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Wertheimer N et al. 1987 - men, women, 20–69 years - USA brain tumor, breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma, e.g., lung cancer, kidney cancer magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, residential
Stein Y et al. 2011 - men, women, 18–69 years not stated Israel leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, testicular cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, bone cancer, malignant melanoma, lung cancer and other cancer types RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, radar, wireless transmitter, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, PC/TV monitor, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Koifman S et al. 1998 - men, women, 20–29 years 1992 Brazil all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential, also other exposures without EMF
Perry S et al. 1988 - men, women - UK pregnancy complications, cardiovascular diseases, all cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, depression, schizophrenia magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, inhouse wiring, residential
Zagar T et al. 2023 - men, women, children, 0–29 years 2005 - 2016 Slovenia all cancer, childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, brain tumor, leukemia and lymphoma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Stenlund C et al. 1997 case-control study men 1985 - 1987 Sweden male breast cancer, testicular cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Zhu K et al. 1999 case-control study men, 40–69 years 1989 - 1991 USA prostate cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, other domestic appliance, personal
Verreault R et al. 1990 case-control study men, 20–69 years 1981 - 1984 USA testicular cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, personal
Hardell L et al. 1998 case-control study men, 30–75 years 1989 - 1992 Sweden testicular cancer (seminoma and embryonal testicular cancer) radar, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Wertheimer N et al. 1982 case-control study men, women 1967 - 1975 USA all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Pearce NE et al. 1989 case-control study men, ≥ 20 years 1980 - 1984 New Zealand leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and other cancer types RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational
Miller AB et al. 1996 case-control study men 1973 - 1988 Canada acute nonlymphoid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic lymphoid leukemia, brain tumor, other cancer electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Armstrong B et al. 1994 case-control study men 1970 - 1988 (Canada), 1978 - 1989 (France) Canada leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, melanoma, colon, stomach, lung, bone, prostate cancer and other cancer types, all cancer electric field, magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Guenel P et al. 1996 case-control study men 1978 - 1989 France leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, other cancer electric field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Theriault G et al. 1994 case-control study men 1970 - 1989 France and Canada acute nonlymphoid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, brain tumor, male breast cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and other cancer types, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Fincham SM et al. 2000 case-control study men, women 1986 - 1988 Canada thyroid cancer EAS/RFID, wireless transmitter, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, inhouse wiring, PC/TV monitor, high volt./current device/welder, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Ji BT et al. 1999 case-control study men, women, 30–74 years 1990 - 1993 China pancreatic cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
McElroy JA et al. 2002 case-control study women, 40–79 years 1991 - 1994 USA endometrial cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, personal
Hayes RB et al. 1990 case-control study men, 18–42 years 1976 - 1981 USA testicular cancer (seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, and terato carcinoma) RF field, microwaves, Radio/TV transmitter, radar, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Baumgardt-Elms C et al. 2002 case-control study men, 15–69 years 1995 - 1997 Germany testicular cancer Radio/TV transmitter, radar, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, PC/TV monitor, occupational
Tynes T et al. 2003 case-control study men, women, ≥ 16 years 1986 - 1996 Norway malignant melanoma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, residential
Charles LE et al. 2003 case-control study men 1985 - 1994 Sweden prostate cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Baumgardt-Elms C et al. 2005 case-control study men, 15–69 years July 1995 - June 1997 Germany testicular cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Hakansson N et al. 2005 case-control study men, women 1985 - 1994 Sweden tumours of the endocrine glands: adrenal gland tumor, pituitary gland tumor, and parathyroid gland tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, high volt./current device/welder, occupational