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Iron

Belongs to:
Kitchenware and household appliances
Synonyms:
Flat iron, Pressing iron, Smoothing iron
Description:

An iron is an electric household appliance for straightening textiles. Nowadays, most irons are steam irons, i.e. they emit steam at the sole plate to facilitate the ironing process. The alternating electric and magnetic fields at the fundamental frequency of 50 Hz resp. 60 Hz are caused by the heating process of the sole plate and the generation of steam.

Frequency ranges:
  • 50–60 Hz
Type of field:
electric and magnetic

Measurements (acc. to literature)

Measurand Value Feature Remarks
electric field strength 120 V/m (measured) - at a distance of 30 cm [1]
magnetic flux density 0.008 µT (maximum, measured) - at a distance of 1 m [2]
magnetic flux density 0.01–0.03 µT (measured) - at a distance of 1 m [1]
magnetic flux density 0.01 µT (mean, measured) - average value of 33 devices at a distance of 1 m; measurement bandwidth: 40 - 800 Hz [3]
magnetic flux density 0.03 µT (mean, measured) - average of 8 devices at a distance of 50 cm; measurement bandwidth: 0 - 3000 Hz [4]
magnetic flux density 0.03 µT (mean, measured) - average value of 33 devices at a distance at 50 cm; measurement bandwidth: 40 - 800 Hz [3]
magnetic flux density 0.04–2.43 µT (measured) - of 166 sample points; measurement bandwidth: 40 - 800 Hz [5]
magnetic flux density 0.05 µT (mean, measured) - of 166 sample points; measurement bandwidth: 40 - 800 Hz [5]
magnetic flux density 0.05 µT (maximum, measured) - at a distance of 80 cm [6]
magnetic flux density 0.07 µT (measured) - average of 8 devices at a distance of 25 cm; measurement bandwidth: 0 - 3000 Hz [4]
magnetic flux density 0.1–0.3 µT (measured) - at a distance of 30.48 cm [7]
magnetic flux density 0.1 µT (mean, measured) - at a distance of 30.48 cm [7]
magnetic flux density 0.12–0.3 µT (mean, measured) - typical values [8]
magnetic flux density 0.4 µT (maximum, measured) - at a distance of 40 cm [6]
magnetic flux density 0.6–2 µT (measured) - at a distance of 15.24 cm [7]
magnetic flux density 0.67153 µT (mean, measured) - spatially averaged value at distances from 3 - 30 cm [2]
magnetic flux density 0.8 µT (maximum, measured) - at a distance of 50 cm [2]
magnetic flux density 0.8 µT (mean, measured) - at a distance between 15 cm [9]
magnetic flux density 1.84 µT (mean, measured) - average value of 33 devices at a distance of 5 cm; measurement bandwidth: 40 - 800 Hz [3]
magnetic flux density 7 µT (maximum, measured) - directly in front of the device [6]
magnetic flux density 9 µT (maximum, measured) - maximum value at a distance of 10 cm [2]
magnetic flux density 50 µT (maximum, measured) - at a distance of 3 cm [2]

References

  1. No authors listed (2019): [Radiation and radiation protection]
  2. Mader DL et al. (1992): Residential exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields from appliances
  3. Preece AW et al. (1997): Magnetic fields from domestic appliances in the UK
  4. Ainsbury EA et al. (2005): An investigation into the vector ellipticity of extremely low frequency magnetic fields from appliances in UK homes
  5. Kim YS et al. (1997): Exposure of Workers to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields and Electric Appliances
  6. Farag AS et al. (1998): Electromagnetic fields in the home
  7. No authors listed (1992): EMF in your Environment: Magnetic Field Measurements of Everyday Electrical Devices
  8. Neitzke HP et al. (2006): [EMF manual - Electromagnetic fields: sources, risks, protection]
  9. Lacy-Hulbert A et al. (1998): Biological responses to electromagnetic fields