A train protection system ensures a safe operation of a moving train in the event of a human failure. Train protection systems are used throughout Europe and are implemented in more than 20 different types. The functionality of these systems differ a lot and can be categorized as follows: mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic, inductive, radio-based and continuous. Below, measurement values of the inductive systems KVB (France, Great Britain) and TBL (Belgium) are shown. In these systems a transmission antenna is placed under the locomotive to receive information sent by electronic beacons installed between the rails, so-called balises. The energy supply of the balises is provided inductively by the train protection system under the locomotive which radiates a continuous electromagnetic wave.
| Measurand | Value | Feature | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| electric field strength | 0.47–235.49 V/m (measured) | Alstom | on an elevated level (2.5 m above ground) at distances from 0.1 - 1.25 m [1] |
| electric field strength | 0.49–217.38 V/m (measured) | Alstom | in an inspection tunnel at distances from 0.1 - 0.97 m [1] |
| magnetic field strength | 0.01–4.27 A/m (measured) | Alstom | on an elevated level (2.5 m above ground) at distances from 0.1 - 1.25 m [1] |
| magnetic field strength | 0.01–4.69 A/m (measured) | Alstom | in an inspection tunnel at distances from 0.1 - 0.97 m [1] |
| Measurand | Value | Feature | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| electric field strength | 2.28–1,471.7 V/m | Siemens | on ground level at distances from 0.08 - 2 m [1] |
| electric field strength | 3.46–1,445 V/m (measured) | Siemens | in an inspection tunnel for distances from 0.8 - 1.35 m [1] |
| electric field strength | 4.86–17.92 V/m (measured) | Alstom | on an elevated level (2.5 m above ground) at distances from 0.08 - 1 m [1] |
| magnetic field strength | 0.01–26.58 A/m (measured) | Siemens | on ground level at distances from 0.08 - 2 m [1] |
| magnetic field strength | 0.03–0.28 A/m (measured) | Alstom | on an elevated level (2.5 m above ground) at distances from 0.08 - 1 m [1] |
| magnetic field strength | 0.06–50.98 A/m (measured) | Siemens | in an inspection tunnel for distances from 0.8 - 1.35 m [1] |
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