Study overviews

Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:

Epidemiological studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on children

337 studies in total
  1. Leukemia
    134 studies
  2. Other health effects
    89 studies
  3. Pregnancy outcomes
    88 studies
  4. Brain/CNS tumor
    68 studies
  5. Other types of cancer
    32 studies
  6. Lymphoma
    20 studies
  7. Cancer (unspecified)
    19 studies

Brain/CNS tumor

68 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    52 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    17 studies
  3. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 52 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Auger N et al. 2019 cohort study children, children in utero, newborns, 0–11 years 2006 - 2017 Canada childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, childhood brain/CNS tumor, solide tumors power transmission line, electrical substation, 50/60 Hz, electric field, magnetic field, residential
Bunch KJ et al. 2014 case-control study children, 0–14 years 1962 - 2008 UK childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other solid tumors magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Bunch KJ et al. 2015 case-control study children, 0–14 years 1962 - 2008 UK childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, underground cable, high-voltage direct current (HVDC), residential
Bunch KJ et al. 2016 case-control study children, 0–14 years 1962 - 2008 UK lymphoid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Castaño-Vinyals G et al. 2021 case-control study men, women, children, 10–24 years 2010 - 2015 Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Greece, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Spain neuroepithelial brain tumors (e.g. glioma, embryonal brain tumor) mobile communications, mobile phone, cordless phone, RF field, low frequency
Cordier S et al. 2001 case-control study children 1976 - 1994 Australia, Israel, France, Italy, Spain, USA astroglial tumor, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, other glial tumors magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Crespi CM et al. 2016 case-control study children, 0–15 years 1986 - 2008 USA childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Dockerty JD et al. 1998 case-control study children, 0–14 years 1990 - 1993 New Zealand childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other solid cancers magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, inhouse wiring, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Draper G et al. 2005 case-control study children, 0–14 years 1962-1995 UK childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Feychting M et al. 2000 cohort study children, 0–14 years 1976 - 1993 Sweden childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, all childhood cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Feychting M et al. 1995 pooled analysis children, 0–15 years 1960 - 1986 Sweden and Denmark leukaemia, malignant lymphoma, central nervous system tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Feychting M et al. 1993 case-control study children, 0–15 years 1960 - 1985 Sweden childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, central nervous system tumor, other childhood cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Gurney JG et al. 1996 case-control study men, women, children, 0–19 years 1989 - 1994 USA childhood brain/CNS tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Gurney JG et al. 2001 - men, women, children 1975 - 1997 USA brain tumor, central nervous system tumor, childhood brain/CNS tumor mobile communications, mobile phone, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, low frequency, occupational, residential, also other exposures without EMF
Hug K et al. 2010 case-control study children, 0–14 years July 1988 - June 1993, October 1992 - September 1994 Germany acute leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CNS tumor, neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, bone tumor, and soft tissue sarcoma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Johnson CC et al. 1989 case-control study children, children in utero, 0–14 years 1964 - 1980 USA nervous system tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Kheifets L et al. 2010 pooled analysis children, 0–15 years 1960 - 2001 USA, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, UK, Germany, Japan childhood brain/CNS tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, residential
Kraut A et al. 1994 - children 1970 - 1986 Canada childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, all childhood cancer electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Kroll ME et al. 2010 case-control study children, 0–14 years 1962-1995 UK childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Kuijten RR et al. 1992 case-control study children, 0–14 years 1980 - 1986 USA astrocytoma electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Li P et al. 2009 case-control study children, children in utero, 0–14 years 1982 - 2002 Canada astroglial tumor, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, ependymoma, other gliomas and other intracranial neoplasms magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
MacCarthy A et al. 2010 - men, children, children in utero, 0–14 years 1962 - 1999 Great Britain neuroblastoma occupational, also other exposures without EMF, EMF general
McCredie M et al. 1994 case-control study children, children in utero, 0–14 years 1985 - 1989 Australia childhood brain/CNS tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric blanket, other domestic appliance, personal, also other exposures without EMF
McKean-Cowdin R et al. 1998 case-control study men, women, children, 0–18 years 1984 - 1991 USA astroglial tumor, primitive neuroectodermal tumors electric field, low frequency, electrical substation, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Meinert R et al. 1996 meta-analysis children, 0–19 years - USA, UK, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Greece, Mexico childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer, all childhood cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential