Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:
Authors | Year | Study type | Study group | Observation period | Study location | Endpoints | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Duarte-Rodríguez DA et al. | 2024 | case-control study | men, women, children, ≤ 18 years | 2006 - 2013 | Mexico | childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia | magnetic field, power transmission line, electrical substation, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF |
Dockerty JD et al. | 1999 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1990 - 1993 | New Zealand | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Dockerty JD et al. | 1998 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1990 - 1993 | New Zealand | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other solid cancers | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, inhouse wiring, other domestic appliance, residential, personal |
Tynes T et al. | 1997 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1965 - 1989 | Norway | childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer, all childhood cancer | electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Smulevich VB et al. | 1999 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1986 - 1988 | Russia | leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, childhood brain/CNS tumor, all childhood cancer | radar, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational, also other exposures without EMF |
Zagar T et al. | 2023 | - | men, women, children, 0–29 years | 2005 - 2016 | Slovenia | all cancer, childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, brain tumor, leukemia and lymphoma | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Feychting M et al. | 2000 | cohort study | children, 0–14 years | 1976 - 1993 | Sweden | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, all childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational |
Feychting M et al. | 1993 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1960 - 1985 | Sweden | childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, central nervous system tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Söderberg KC et al. | 2002 | case-control study | children | 1973 - 1989 | Sweden | acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia | magnetic field, personal |
Feychting M et al. | 1995 | pooled analysis | children, 0–15 years | 1960 - 1986 | Sweden and Denmark | leukaemia, malignant lymphoma, central nervous system tumor | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Su L et al. | 2016 | meta-analysis | men, women, children, children in utero, 0–30 years | 1953 - 2006 | Sweden, Spain, UK, Germany, Russia, Canada, China, Taiwan, Australia | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational |
Lin RS et al. | 1994 | cohort study | children, 0–14 years | 1979 - 1988 | Taiwan | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Li CY et al. | 1998 | cohort study | children, 0–14 years | 1987 - 1992 | Taiwan | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Myers A et al. | 1990 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1970 - 1979 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Sorahan T et al. | 1999 | case-control study | children, children in utero, 0–15 years | 1953 - 1981 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, all childhood cancer | RF field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational |
UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators | 1999 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 01/1991 - 12/1994 in Scotland, 4/1992 - 12/1994 in Wales and England, 1995 for leukemia and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 1996 for leukemia | UK | acute lymphoblastic leukemia, total leukemia, cancer of central nervous system, other malignant diseases | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, inhouse wiring, residential |
UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators | 2000 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 01/1991 - 12/1994 in Scotland, 4/1992 - 12/1994 in Wales and England, 1995 for leukemia and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 1996 for leukemia | UK | acute lymphoblastic leukemia, total leukemia, cancer of central nervous system, other malignant disease | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Skinner J et al. | 2002 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1992 - 1996 | UK | acute lymphoblastic leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Draper G et al. | 2005 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962-1995 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Pearce MS et al. | 2007 | case-control study | men, women, children, 0–25 years | 1968 - 2000 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, retinoblastoma, renal tumor, hepatic tumor, malignant bone tumor, soft tissue sarcoma, germ cell neoplasm | electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF |
Kroll ME et al. | 2010 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962-1995 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Bunch KJ et al. | 2014 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other solid tumors | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Swanson J et al. | 2014 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | electric field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
Bunch KJ et al. | 2015 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, underground cable, high-voltage direct current (HVDC), residential |
Bunch KJ et al. | 2016 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | lymphoid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
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