Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    297 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Behavior and cognitive processes

52 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    24 studies
  2. Low frequency
    23 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    7 studies
  4. Other
    one study

Radio frequency 24 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Broom KA et al. 2019 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J - 1.846 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, LTE, RF field
Li ZQ et al. 2020 - - 1,800–2,400 MHz - - RF field, W-LAN/WiFi
Dasgupta S et al. 2022 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, mobile phone
Li D et al. 2017 - - - - - MRI
Sayed SZ et al. 2020 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Sayed SZ et al. 2020 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Galvin MJ et al. 1986 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body sensory and motor functions 2.45 GHz 2 W/kg 3 h/day (days 5-20 of gestation plus days 2-20 postnatal) microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Klose M et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar (RccHan:WIST), partial body: head behavior, learning, memory and motor abilities 900 MHz 0.7–10 W/kg 5 to 120 min/day, 5 days/week from the age of 14 days to 19 months (5 min at the beginning and stepwise increase to 120 min within the next 7 days) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Ntzouni MP et al. 2011 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J, whole body recognition memory 1,800 MHz 0.22 W/kg 90 min/day for 3 days (acute exposure), 17 days (chronic exposure-I) or 31 days (chronic exposure-II) mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Aldad TS et al. 2012 animal, mouse/CD-1, whole body electrophysiological changes, memory 800–1,900 MHz 1.6 W/kg continuous for 0, 9, 15 or 24 hours/day on day 1-17 of gestation mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications