Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

884 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    313 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    49 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Fertility

49 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    29 studies
  2. Low frequency
    19 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    2 studies
  4. Other
    one study

Radio frequency 29 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Jaffar FHF et al. 2024 - - - - - W-LAN/WiFi, RF, 2.45 GHz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Qin F et al. 2021 animal, C57BL/6J mouse - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, RF, CW continuous wave
Sakraoui D et al. 2023 animal, White stork (<i>Ciconia ciconia</i>) - - - - mobile phone base station, mobile communications
Hegazy AA et al. 2022 animal, albino rats (mothers and pups) - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Sommer AM et al. 2009 animal, mouse/C57BL, whole body developmental parameters, reproductive ability in parental animals 2 GHz 0.08–1.3 W/kg continuous for 570 days with a 30 min break each night UMTS, mobile communications
Zaun G et al. 2014 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Carnes KI et al. 1996 animal, mouse/ICR:HD, whole body fetal growth, testicular development 1 MHz 1.5 mW/kg continuous for 8 h on day 9 and/or day 12 of gestation RF, magnetic field, static magnetic field, MRI
Shahin S et al. 2018 animal, mouse/Swiss albino - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Liu W et al. 2012 animal, mouse/albino Kunming - 935 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF
Mugunthan N et al. 2015 animal, mouse/albino, whole body - 900–2,200 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications