Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leitgeb N et al. | 2005 | human, partial body: lateral side of the forearm | electric current perception | 50 Hz | - | until first perception of the current | touch current, electric current application, 50/60 Hz |
Wilmot JJ et al. | 1993 | - | - | - | - | - | signals/pulses, electrotherapy |
Singh S et al. | 1999 | animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body | - | 50 Hz | - | 8 h / day for 8 weeks | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Luo Q et al. | 2006 | ICR mouse embryo cultures | DNA damage (double-strand breaks) | 50 Hz | - | 24 h | 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency, co-exposure |
Shafey TM et al. | 2006 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body | - | 20 Hz–100 kHz | - | not given in this article | electric field, intermediate frequency, 50/60 Hz |
Shafey TM et al. | 2006 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body | weight of the lymphoid organs and immune response in chickens | 60 Hz | - | continuous for 18 days | electric field, 50/60 Hz |
Udroiu I et al. | 2006 | animal, mouse/CD-1 Swiss, whole body | clastogenic and aneugenic effects | 50 Hz | - | 24 h/day for 21 days | magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
Salti R et al. | 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, not extractable |
Leitgeb N et al. | 2007 | human, partial body: forearms | perception threshold | 50 Hz | - | current linearly increased until perception of current | touch current, electric current application, 50/60 Hz |
Leitgeb N et al. | 2006 | human, partial body: lateral side of the forearm | electric current perception | 50 Hz | - | until first perception of current; repeated 6 times with a 3 min break between the tests | touch current, electric current application, 50/60 Hz |
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