Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Björasen AM et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line), animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body | survival/mortality | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 20 min (MF) and 75 min (UV-C) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure |
Vallejo D et al. | 2003 | animal, mouse/OF1, whole body | - | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 14 weeks | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Beraldi R et al. | 2003 | animal, mouse/CD-1 (embryo), whole body | embryo survival | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 5 days | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Otaka Y et al. | 2002 | animal, mouse/B6C3F1 (F1 generation from male C3H/HeJ and female C57BL/6J mice), whole body | tumor incidence | 50 Hz | - | (females) 2 and (males) 9 weeks | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Abou-Ali G et al. | 2002 | - | - | 10 Hz–5 MHz | - | 20-30 min | electric field |
Di Carlo A et al. | 2002 | animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body | stress response (HSP70 induction), hypoxia | 60 Hz | 1.7 W/kg | continuous for 30 min or 4 days, or repeated daily exposure for 20, 30 or 60 min, once or twice daily, for 4 days | microwaves, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Bastide M et al. | 2001 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs) and chicks, mouse/C57BL/6 j RJ, whole body | cancer in mice, hormone levels in chicken and mice, antibody levels in chicken, mortality in chicken embryos | 900 MHz | - | continuous for up to 15 weeks | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, shielding/field deprivation |
Vallejo D et al. | 2001 | animal, mouse/OF1, whole body | leukemia | 50 Hz | - | continuous during pregnancy and for 14-15 or 50-52 weeks after birth | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Rajkovic V et al. | 2001 | animal, rat/Mill Hill, whole body | thyroid gland histology and thyroid hormone blood concentration in rats | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 7 h/day, 5 days/week, for 3 months | electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Abramsson-Zetterberg L et al. | 2001 | animal, mouse/CBA/Ca, whole body | number of micronuclei | 50 Hz | - | 18 days (exposed or sham exposed) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
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