Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rugh R | 1976 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, microwaves |
Tungjitwitayakul J et al. | 2016 | - | - | - | - | - | microwaves, microw. oven/heating device, also other exposures without EMF |
Rusnani A et al. | 2008 | - | - | 650 MHz | - | - | microwaves, RF field |
Pellegrini A et al. | 1994 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, microwaves |
Zook BC et al. | 2005 | - | - | - | - | - | RF field, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
Otten L et al. | 1994 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, microwaves, also other exposures without EMF |
Gildersleeve RP et al. | 1988 | animal, Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>), whole body: eggs (<i>in ovo</i>) | cell death or injury | 2.45 GHz | 4.03 nW/g | first 12 days of artifical breeding | microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz |
Yakymenko I et al. | 2018 | animal, Japanese quail eggs | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Hässig M et al. | 2009 | animal, calf, whole body | effects on eye (nuclear cataract; oxidative stress) | - | - | continuous for 1 year | mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS |
Pawlak K et al. | 2018 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM |
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