Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ohtani S et al. | 2015 | - | - | 2.14 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, W-CDMA |
Lerchl A et al. | 2015 | animal, mouse/C3H/HeNCrl x C57Bl/6N, whole body | number, size and morphology of tumors in different tissues | - | 0.04–2 W/kg | continuous for 23.3 h per day, 7 days per week, starting <i>in utero</i> up to 72 weeks | mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications, co-exposure |
Bedir R et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryo), whole body | development of kidneys | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 20 days during pregnancy | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Ciftci ZZ et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), partial body: head | development and composition of teeth in young rats | 2.45 GHz | 9 mW/kg | continuous for 2 h/day during gestation (21 days) and up to 21 after birth | W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Turedi S et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body | oxidative stress and histology of the heart | 900 MHz | 0.025 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour/day from day 13 to 21 of pregnancy | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Odaci E et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body | - | 900 MHz | - | - | RF field |
Ulubay M et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> | - | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | - | mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure |
Sangun O et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), whole body | growth and development of young rats | 2.45 GHz | 0.143 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour/day during gestation until birth and after weaning until puberty | RF field, PW pulsed wave, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Shirai T et al. | 2014 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body | fertility, development, brain functions and morphology of major organs of rats | 2.14 GHz | 0.034–0.244 W/g | continuous for 20 h/day over 3 generations | mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications |
Buchner K et al. | 2014 | animal, pig (German Landrace (sows) and German Landrace x Pietrain (piglets)), whole body | fertility of sows and malformation rate of piglets | 900 MHz | - | continuous | mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications |
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