Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

884 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    313 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    49 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

319 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    162 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    37 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 162 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Chew S et al. 2001 animal, CBA/C57 F1 mouse, whole body: in utero - - 3–7 µW/g continuous MRI
Costa EV et al. 2013 animal, Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix japonica</i>), whole body: embryo <i>in ovo</i> development of blood vessels in the yolk sac 60 Hz - intermittent for 3, 6, 9, 12 or 24 h/day for 2 days (see add. information) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Cameron IL et al. 1985 animal, Japanese rice fish (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>) (embryo), whole body embryogenesis 60 Hz - continuous for 48 h electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Tombarkiewicz B et al. 2024 animal, carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) embryos - 0 Hz–1,800 MHz - - RF, geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation, also other exposures without EMF
Pafkova H et al. 1994 animal, chicken (embryo), whole body - 50 Hz - see remark* 50/60 Hz, therapeutic/medical device
Bardasano JL et al. 1986 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) - 60 Hz - 4 to 5d magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Youbicier-Simo BJ et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) and chickens after hatching, whole body - 50–80 Hz - continuous for 47 days magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor
Farrell JM et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 60 Hz - continuous for 48 h magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Farrell JM et al. 1998 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 60 Hz - 8, 15, 17, 20, 23, or 26 h magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Pafkova H et al. 1996 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 50 Hz - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure