Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on static magnetic fields

2162 studies in total
  1. 949 studies
  2. 721 studies
  3. 449 studies
  4. 373 studies
  5. 341 studies
  6. 169 studies

Other

949 studies in total
  1. 363 studies
  2. 255 studies
  3. 253 studies
  4. 162 studies

Effects on invertebrates 162 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Acosta-Avalos D et al. 2015 fire ant (<i>Solenopsis</i> sp.) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, static magnetic field, co-exposure -
Albert L et al. 2022 invertebrate, blue mussel (<i>Mytilus edulis</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field, DC -
Albert L et al. 2023 invertebrate, velvet crab (<i>Necora puber</i>) magnetic field, DC, 50/60 Hz, underground cable, static magnetic field, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) -
Altmann G 1981 invertebrate, honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) static magnetic field -
Bae JE et al. 2016 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) (different strains), whole body static magnetic field, shielding/field deprivation 0.015–85 µT
Bartos P et al. 2019 invertebrate, German cockroach (<i>Blatella germanica</i>) RF field, static magnetic field, magnetic field, intermediate frequency, co-exposure -
Barua AG et al. 2012 invertebrate, firefly (<i>Luciola cruciata</i>, <i>Luciola lateralis</i> and <i>Luciola praeusta</i>) static magnetic field 10 T
Becker G 1971 invertebrate, termite geomagnetic field, static magnetic field -
Becker G et al. 1964 invertebrate, blowfly (<i>Calliphora vicina</i>) and housefly (<i>Musca domestica</i> L.) static magnetic field -
Belova NA et al. 2010 invertebrate, plant, planarian/<i>Girardia tigrina</i> and flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) magnetic field, geomagnetic field 30 nT–42 µT
Berberich GM et al. 2019 invertebrate, ant/<i>Formica pratensis</i> and <i>Formica polycten</i> geomagnetic field, also other exposures without EMF -
Bochert R et al. 2004 animal, north sea prawn (<i>Crangon crangon</i>); round crab (<i>Rhithropanopeus harrisii</i>); glacial relict isopod (<i>Saduria entomon</i>); blue mussel (<i>Mytilus edulis</i>), flounder (<i>Plathichtys flesus</i>), whole body static magnetic field 3.7 mT
Bradlaugh AA et al. 2023 isolated organ, aCC motorneuron, invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/cryptochrome mutants static magnetic field, low frequency, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Brown Jr FA et al. 1960 invertebrate, snail static magnetic field -
Béjaoui M et al. 2019 invertebrate, woodlice (<i>Armadillidium vulgare</i>, <i>A. granulatum</i>, and <i>Porcellio laevis</i>) static magnetic field, DC -
Chapman ECN et al. 2023 invertebrate underground cable, high-voltage direct current (HVDC), DC, static magnetic field -
Cheng L et al. 2022 invertebrate, <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (nematode; different strains) static magnetic field -
Chicas-Mosier AM et al. 2020 invertebrate, honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) geomagnetic field, static magnetic field, co-exposure -
Collett TS et al. 2022 invertebrate, wood ant (<i>Formica rufa</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field -
Creanga DE et al. 2005 animal, fruitfly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>), whole body DC, static magnetic field, shielding/field deprivation 0 mT
Damaschke K et al. 1964 invertebrate, termite electric field, static magnetic field, static electric field, intermediate frequency, signals/pulses, sferics -
Deamici KM et al. 2017 virus/bacteriophages, <i>Spirulina</i> sp. LEB 18 static magnetic field -
Dommer DH et al. 2008 invertebrate, fruit fly larvae (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field -
Dreyer D et al. 2018 invertebrate, Bogong moth (<i>Agrotis infusa</i>) geomagnetic field, static magnetic field -
Dyer FC et al. 1981 animal, honeybee geomagnetic field -
Dyka LD et al. 2016 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/wildtype (Canton-S) millimeter waves, radar, microwaves, static magnetic field 25 mT
El-Bassouiny HM et al. 2022 invertebrate, <i>E. insulana</i> (first instar larvae), whole body static magnetic field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Erdmann W et al. 2017 invertebrate, <i>Hypsibius dujardini</i> geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation -
Erdmann W et al. 2021 invertebrate, tardigrades (<i>Echiniscus testudo</i> and <i>Milnesium inceptum</i>) geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation -
Ermakov AM et al. 2010 invertebrate, mealworm beetle (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) magnetic field, geomagnetic field, DC 1.6–74.5 µT
Ernst DA et al. 2018 invertebrate, Caribbean spiny lobster (<i>Panulirus argus</i>) static magnetic field -
Esquivel DM et al. 2007 invertebrate, honeybee (<i>Schwarziana quadripunctata</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field 0.08–0.17 mT
Esquivel DM et al. 2014 invertebrate, Stingless bee (<i>Tetragonisca angustula</i>) geomagnetic field, static magnetic field -
Esquivel DMS et al. 2019 invertebrate, ant (<i>Mayaponera</i>, <i>Neoponera</i>, <i>Eciton</i>, <i>Labidus</i> and <i>Solenopsis</i>) geomagnetic field -
Fedele G et al. 2014 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) (different strains, partially without the cryptochrome gene) static magnetic field 500 µT
Fedele G et al. 2014 tissue slices, brain slices from the suprachiasmatic nucleus, mouse/<i>Per2:Luc</i>, invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/wildtype (Canton-S) and cryptochrome mutants (cry<sup>02</sup>, tim>cry, tim>cryW342F;cry<sup>02</sup>, tim>cry&Delta;;cry<sup>02</sup>, tim>hCRY1;cry<sup>02</sup>, tim>hCRY2;cry<sup>02</sup>), whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 50–1,000 µT
Fei F et al. 2022 invertebrate, <i>Elysia leucolegnote</i> (Molluske) static magnetic field, underground cable -
Fleischmann PN et al. 2018 invertebrate, desert ant (<i>Cataglyphis noda</i>) geomagnetic field, static magnetic field -
Fleischmann PN et al. 2022 invertebrate, desert ant (<i>Cataglyphis noda</i>) geomagnetic field, static magnetic field -
Foley LE et al. 2011 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field 10–500 µT
Frier H et al. 1996 invertebrate, honeybee static magnetic field, DC -
Gang N et al. 2011 water static magnetic field 160 mT
Gao Y et al. 2021 invertebrate, termites (<i>Reticulitermes chinensis</i> and <i>Odontotermes formosanus</i>) geomagnetic field, static magnetic field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Gegear RJ et al. 2008 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field 0.5 mT
Gegear RJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field 10–500 µT
Gottlieb ND et al. 1967 animal, invertebrate, snail (<i>Helisoma duryi</i> Endiscus), whole body static magnetic field, geomagnetic field 20 µT–2.5 mT
Grob R et al. 2024 invertebrate, desert ant (<i>Cataglyphis noda</i>) geomagnetic field -
Guerra PA et al. 2014 invertebrate, monarch butterfly (<i>Danaus plexippus</i>) static magnetic field, geomagnetic field, co-exposure -
Guerra PA et al. 2022 invertebrate, monarch butterfly (<i>Danaus plexippus</i>) geomagnetic field -
He J et al. 2023 invertebrate, rose aphid (<i>Macrosiphum rosae</i>) static magnetic field -