Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singh KV et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | 2,115 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
Okur ZH et al. | 2021 | animal, rat/ Wistar albino | - | - | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
Azimzadeh M et al. | 2020 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone base station |
Lameth J et al. | 2017 | animal, rat/Wistar (adults and pubs), partial body | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, PW pulsed wave |
El-Kafoury BMA et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | - | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
Ahmed NA et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (adults and young animal) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, PW pulsed wave |
Keleş Aİ et al. | 2019 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Akefe IO et al. | 2023 | animal, mouse | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
Güler G et al. | 2010 | animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body | lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in the brain | 1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 15 min/day on 7 days - from day 15 to day 22 of gestation | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Motawi TK et al. | 2014 | animal, rat/Wistar albino | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Narayanan SN et al. | 2014 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | oxidative stress in the brain | 890–915 MHz | 1.58 W/kg | intermittent for 1 h/day for 28 days | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Movvahedi MM et al. | 2014 | human, partial body: ear | - | 900 MHz | 1.45 W/kg | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Loughran SP et al. | 2013 | human, partial body: head | waking EEG, cognitive performance | 900 MHz | 0.35–1.4 W/kg | continuous for 30 min | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave |
Narayanan SN et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | neural structure of the hippocampus, learning and spatial memory | 900 MHz | 1.15 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day for 28 days | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field |
Petitdant N et al. | 2016 | - | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, PW pulsed wave, co-exposure |
Bhargav H et al. | 2016 | human | - | 2,100 MHz | 0.4–0.54 W/kg | - | mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications |
Ragbetli MC et al. | 2009 | animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body | number of pyramidal cells in the Cornu Ammonis | 890–915 MHz | 1.2 W/kg | 12 hr/day for 19 - 20 days (gestation period) + 20 days after birth (female offspring only) | mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Noor NA et al. | 2011 | animal, rat/albino | amino acid neurotransmitter levels in different brain areas | 900 MHz | 1.165 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day for up to 4 months | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Khadrawy VA et al. | 2009 | animal, rat/albino | - | 900 MHz | 1.165 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day for up to 4 months | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Kesari KK et al. | 2014 | animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body | DNA damage, protein expression, apoptosis and oxidative stress in brain | 2,115 MHz | 0.26–0.9 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours/day for 60 days | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Razavinasab M et al. | 2016 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | electrophysiological changes of pyramidal cells, learning and memory | 900 MHz | 0.3–0.9 W/kg | 6 h/day during gestation | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Saikhedkar N et al. | 2014 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | structure and function of the rat brain and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | 0.99 W/kg | continuous for 4 h/day for 15 days | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Sahin A et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body | - | 900 MHz | 0.024 W/kg | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Ikinci A et al. | 2016 | - | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Xu F et al. | 2016 | - | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
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