Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Huuskonen H et al. | 2001 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | implantation | 50 Hz | - | 24 h/day from day 0 of pregnancy until at least 70 h up to 176 h after ovulation | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Ozguner IF et al. | 2002 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | - | 50 Hz | - | 2 h/day for 30 days | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Khaki AA et al. | 2006 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | effects on the boundary tissue of the seminiferous tubules | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 3 weeks in utero and 5 weeks postnatal | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Khaki AA et al. | 2004 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | effects on testes: development of Sertoli cells and spermatogonial cells | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 3 week in utero + 5 weeks after birth | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Tenorio BM et al. | 2011 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | testicular development | 60 Hz | - | three times 30 min/day between the 13<sup>th</sup> day of gestation and the 21<sup>st</sup> postnatal day | magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
Tenorio BM et al. | 2012 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | spermatogenesis | 60 Hz | - | three daily applications of 30 min from day 13 of gestation to postnatal day 21 or 90 | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Hamann HJ et al. | 1998 | animal, songbirds, whole body | - | 16.66–50 Hz | - | - | electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, 16 2/3 Hz (train) |
Bernabo N et al. | 2010 | intact cell/cell culture, capacitated spermatozoa (of two boars), animal, pig, partial body: oviducts | morphological evaluation of embryos, fertility, sperm function | 50 Hz | - | continuous 1 h | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Ersoy N et al. | 2022 | rat/Sprague-Dawley | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
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