Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Karadayi A et al. | 2023 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz |
Liu W et al. | 2012 | animal, mouse/albino Kunming | - | 935 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field |
McRee DI et al. | 1983 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 4.03 nW/g | 24 h/day, first 12 days of embryogenesis | microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz |
Mugunthan N et al. | 2015 | animal, mouse/albino, whole body | - | 900–2,200 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Odaci E et al. | 2016 | - | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Okatan DÖ et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Ozlem Nisbet H et al. | 2012 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | testicular function | 900 MHz | 0.011–3 mW/kg | continuous for 2 h/day for 90 days | GSM, mobile communications |
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. | 2013 | animal, rat/Wistar-Han, whole body | malformation, histological examination of male reproductive system and of ovaries; number and distribution of resorption sites and fetuses | 2.45 GHz | 0.08–4 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day, 6 days/week for up to 36 days: 2 weeks (female) or 3 weeks (male) pre-mating + 3 weeks (all animals) post-mating | microwaves, PW pulsed wave, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz, wireless transmitter |
Qin F et al. | 2021 | animal, C57BL/6J mouse | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Sehitoglu I et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
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