Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dupont MJ et al. | 2005 | animal, rat/ Wistar albino, whole body: fetus | - | 500 mHz | - | 48 h prenatal exposure with field off for 30 min every 4 h | magnetic field, geomagnetic field, low frequency, shielding/field deprivation |
Emes Y et al. | 2013 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, signals/pulses |
Fey DP et al. | 2020 | animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) (eggs and larvae), whole body | inner ear organ asymmetry | 0 Hz | - | up to 36 days | 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, static magnetic field, DC |
Fitzsimmons RJ et al. | 1986 | - | - | 10 Hz | - | - | electric field, low frequency |
Gunes S et al. | 2020 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | diaphragm ultrastructure, electrophysiological and biochemical changes in diaphragm and blood | 50 Hz | - | 4 hours/day for 7 months | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Guo Y et al. | 2023 | animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Hinsenkamp MG et al. | 1982 | - | - | - | - | - | electric field |
Husheer J et al. | 2020 | - | - | 50–400 Hz | - | - | 50/60 Hz, electric current application |
Ince B et al. | 2012 | animal, rat/Wistar albino | mineral content in rat teeth (calcium, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus) | 50 Hz | - | continuous 4 h/day during 45 days | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF |
Kabacik S et al. | 2013 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body | gene expression | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 2 hours | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
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