Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kim SK et al. | 2013 | human, partial body: head | heart rate, respiratory rate, subjective symptoms, magnetic field perception | 60 Hz | - | continuous for 32 min | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Dimitrijevic D et al. | 2014 | invertebrate, <i>Drosophila subobscura</i> (larvae and just eclosed adults) | development and viability of larvae, locomotor activity in larvae andult flies | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 48 hours | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Kolbabova T et al. | 2015 | animal, cow (calve)/Holstein and Czech Red Pied cattle, whole body | melatonin level in saliva | 50 Hz | - | continuous (?) for 35 days | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Mohamed GM et al. | 2015 | animal, chicken/Leghorn (eggs) | properties of red blood cells and hemoglobin | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 20 minutes | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Khoshroo MM et al. | 2018 | animal, carp fingerling (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>), whole body | immune and stress parameters | 50 Hz | - | 2 hours | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Sun Y et al. | 2018 | invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/wild type (strain N2), whole body | effects on invertebrates: tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative stress | - | - | circa 48 hours (from egg to the fourth larval stage) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Stankevičiūtė M et al. | 2019 | invertebrate, animal, rainbow trout eggs/larvae (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>), Baltic clam (<i>Limecola balthica</i>) and common ragworm (<i>Hediste diversicolor</i>), whole body | genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in larval rainbow trout, Baltic clam and common ragworm | 50 Hz | - | 12 days (invertebrates) or 40 days (fish larvae) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Zhou J et al. | 2019 | intact cell/cell culture, rat calvarial osteoblasts, rat/Sprague Dawley, animal, whole body | effects on bone, osteoblasts and underlying signal pathways | 50 Hz | - | <i>in vivo</i>: 90 min/day for 2 months, <i>in vitro</i>: 90 min | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Campos-Sanchez E et al. | 2019 | animal, mouse/Sca1‐ETV6‐RUNX1 (model organism for childhood leukemia), whole body | development of childhood leukemia in mouse model | 50 Hz | - | 10min/5min on/off cycle for 20 hours/day from conception until 3 months of age | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Vallejo D et al. | 2019 | animal, mouse/OF1 | blood coagulation | 50 Hz | - | from gestation to 31-35 weeks of age | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
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