Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kabacik S et al. | 2013 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body | gene expression | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 2 hours | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Dimitrijevic D et al. | 2014 | invertebrate, <i>Drosophila subobscura</i> (larvae and just eclosed adults) | development and viability of larvae, locomotor activity in larvae andult flies | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 48 hours | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Woodbine L et al. | 2015 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6 (embryo), whole body | double-strand breaks in the embryonic mouse brain | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 3 hours prior to and up to 9 hours after X-radiation | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure |
Kolbabova T et al. | 2015 | animal, cow (calve)/Holstein and Czech Red Pied cattle, whole body | melatonin level in saliva | 50 Hz | - | continuous (?) for 35 days | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Mohamed GM et al. | 2015 | animal, chicken/Leghorn (eggs) | properties of red blood cells and hemoglobin | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 20 minutes | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Udroiu I et al. | 2015 | animal, mouse/CD-1 Swiss (adults, fetuses and young animals), whole body | DNA damage, teratogenicity | 50 Hz | - | continuous form day 11.5 post conception to day 21 after birth (weaning) (30 days in total) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure |
Soffritti M et al. | 2016 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body | occurrence of tumors in rats | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 19 hours/day from the 12<sup>th</sup> day of pregnancy until death | magnetic field, co-exposure |
Khoshroo MM et al. | 2018 | animal, carp fingerling (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>), whole body | immune and stress parameters | 50 Hz | - | 2 hours | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Stankevičiūtė M et al. | 2019 | invertebrate, animal, rainbow trout eggs/larvae (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>), Baltic clam (<i>Limecola balthica</i>) and common ragworm (<i>Hediste diversicolor</i>), whole body | genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in larval rainbow trout, Baltic clam and common ragworm | 50 Hz | - | 12 days (invertebrates) or 40 days (fish larvae) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Zhou J et al. | 2019 | intact cell/cell culture, rat calvarial osteoblasts, rat/Sprague Dawley, animal, whole body | effects on bone, osteoblasts and underlying signal pathways | 50 Hz | - | <i>in vivo</i>: 90 min/day for 2 months, <i>in vitro</i>: 90 min | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
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