Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    295 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

295 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    143 studies
  2. Low frequency
    109 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    55 studies

Radio frequency 143 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Sambucci M et al. 2011 animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body immune parameters in the spleen, thymus and in the blood 2.451–2.473 GHz 0.08–4 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 5 weeks, starting with the day after birth W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Sangun O et al. 2015 animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), whole body growth and development of young rats 2.45 GHz 0.143 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day during gestation until birth and after weaning until puberty RF field, PW pulsed wave, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Saran A et al. 2007 animal, mouse/<i>Patched1</i> (heterozygous knockout mouse) and wild type, whole body carcinogenesis and tumor promotion 900 MHz 0.4 W/kg 0.5 h/twice a day for 5 days (from day 2 to day 6 after birth) with a 6 h intervall between exposures digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sarapultseva EI et al. 2023 - - 900 MHz - - RF field
Seckin E et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), whole body - 900 MHz - 1 h/day starting on the 12th day of pregnancy until 21 days after delivery mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sekeroglu V et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body DNA damage (chromosome aberration, micronucleus test), cytotoxicity 1,800 MHz 0.37–0.49 W/kg continuous for two hours/day for 45 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Shakina LA et al. 2018 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (eggs) - 0 Hz–36.94 GHz - - millimeter waves, static magnetic field
Shallom JM et al. 2002 animal, chicken/White Leghorn, whole body heat shock protein production 30–90 Hz 1.75–2.5 W/kg continuous for 30 min microwaves
Shirai T et al. 2014 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body fertility, development, brain functions and morphology of major organs of rats 2.14 GHz 0.034–0.244 W/g continuous for 20 h/day over 3 generations mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications
Shivashankara AR et al. 2015 human - - - - mobile phone, mobile communications